Optimization of technological operations in the cultivation of field crops in arid conditions of the Volga Region
- Authors: Goryanin O.I1, Dzhangabaev B.Z.1, Shcherbinina E.V1, Pronovich L.V1
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Affiliations:
- Samara Federal Research Scientific Center RAS
- Issue: No 5 (2023)
- Pages: 34-38
- Section: Articles
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/2500-2627/article/view/233868
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S250026272305006X
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/PKZQKR
- ID: 233868
Cite item
Abstract
The research was carried out in order to identify the possibility and prospects of using resource-saving technologies in six-field grain-and-crop rotation on ordinary chernozem in 2019-2022. Four technologies of growing field crops were tested: traditional, two with differentiated processing and direct sowing. During the research period, the prospects of resource- saving technologies with a complex of means of intensification were revealed. Compared with the traditional one, the yield increase here was 0.30…0.57 t/ha (11.0…21.0 %). The maximum productivity of crop rotation is established in technology with differentiated tillage and with the use of intensification means - 2.40 thousand grain units/ha, which is 0.20 thousand grain units/ha (9.1 %) more than the technology with direct sowing and 0.38…0.61 thousand grain units/ha traditional and resource-saving (extensive background). According to the research results, technological operations are proposed for growing field crops using the AUP-18.05 unit for direct sowing of cereals, sunflower - Kuhn seeder: differentiated tillage in crop rotation (including loosening by 25-27 cm of bee-4.5 for sunflower and soy; for pure steam - without autumn processing; for barley and spring wheat - direct sowing) or direct sowing for the purpose of maximum cost recovery; application of ammonium nitrate in a dose of N40 (before sowing spring wheat and barley, spring fertilizing of winter wheat); the main application of azofoski (N15P15K15) in the cultivation of sunflower and soybeans; treatment of grain crops with the agrochemicals Bionex Kemi, biofungicide Phytosporin, fungicide Soligor, sunflower - agrochemicals Borogum.
Keywords
About the authors
O. I Goryanin
Samara Federal Research Scientific Center RAS
Email: gorjanin.oleg@mail.ru
3a, Studencheskiy pereulok, Samara, 443001
B. Zh. Dzhangabaev
Samara Federal Research Scientific Center RAS3a, Studencheskiy pereulok, Samara, 443001
E. V Shcherbinina
Samara Federal Research Scientific Center RAS3a, Studencheskiy pereulok, Samara, 443001
L. V Pronovich
Samara Federal Research Scientific Center RAS3a, Studencheskiy pereulok, Samara, 443001
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