CONGENITAL FOOT DEFORMITIES IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN: CLINICAL ASPECTS AND ALGORITHMIC APPROACH IN THE WORK OF PEDIATRICIANS

Aim - analysis of the incidence of musculoskeletal system diseases and comorbid pathology in children; development of an algorithm for the rehabilitation of young children with congenital foot deformities for their parents and primary care professionals. Materials and methods. 244 cards of complex rehabilitation in rehabilitation centers of the Samara region for the period from January 2013 to August 2016 were studied. The children were divided into two groups: I group - the core group - included children of senior preschool age who were born between 22-37 weeks of gestation with birth weight of 500-2499 g; group II - control group - included children of preschool age who were born at 38-41 weeks of gestation with birth weight 2500-4500 g. Results. The study revealed the incidence of diseases of the musculoskeletal system in children in rehabilitation centers of the Samara region. The number of children with congenital deformities of the foot was 49.7% in the group of prematurely born children; flatfoot composed 42.3%, which proves the importance of the background condition (prematurity) in the development of congenital diseases of the foot. Multivariate analysis showed that the following factors are statistically significant: infantile cerebral palsy (p = 0.004), varus and valgus foot deformity (p<0.001) and hypotension (p<0.001). According to the results of the study a program was established that enables to determine the tactics of the follow-up of children, including prematurely born ones, depending on the type of congenital foot deformities. Conclusion. Therefore, the pediatrician should take into account the presence of background diseases in children with congenital deformities of the foot and carry out primary preventive activities in cooperation with parents.

congenital deformities of the foot, flatfoot, children, dispensary observation, diseases of the musculoskeletal system