Adoption of the enforcement code of the Russian Federation as a condition for improving the efficiency of compulsory enforcement

The quality of enforcement proceedings directly affects the reality of judicial protection: a court decision does not achieve its goal if enforcement is delayed or becomes unpredictable. Current regulation is largely concentrated in Federal Law No. 229, yet structural gaps remain: there is no unified logic of procedural stages, statutory time limits are largely declarative, and a number of key procedures (including amicable settlement and the choice of the place for enforcement actions) are regulated fragmentarily, which leads to divergent practice. The article substantiates an approach to codification of enforcement law through the consolidation of procedural stages as a framework, within which the objectives of each stage, the competence of the participants and verifiable time limits are fixed. A model of a preclusive time limit for compulsory enforcement and a mechanism of judicial control for extension in cases of objective impossibility to meet the set period are proposed. Separately, the issue of the place of enforcement actions is considered: the paper argues for shifting the focus from the 'convenience of the debtor' to the achievement of an enforcement result while preserving guarantees of the debtor’s rights. The conclusion is that codification can increase predictability and manageability of enforcement only if stages, time limits and accountability instruments are consolidated simultaneously.