Personal and social deficients of moral education and psychological health in the professional training of university students

The relevance of the problem under study is determined by the increased state requirements and societal demands on university graduates who possess not only well-developed professional competencies but also high moral ideals and psychological resilience to professional, social, and personal challenges. The authors focus on identifying personal and social deficiencies that manifest themselves in the area of moral education and psychological health of university students based on the analysis of empirical results. The primary research method used was an empirical survey of students. The article presents the results of a survey of 1st-5th-year students from Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin and Moscow State Technical University named after N.E. Bauman (National Research University). The general sample consists of 195 undergraduate, graduate, and specialist students. The analysis of the data obtained using the "Spiritual Personality" diagnostic method (G.V. Ozhiganova) allowed us to determine the specific ways in which existential well-being mediates the impact of the educational process on students’ psychological health in its personal and individual components, on the one hand, and helps explain differences in the personal and social mediation of the results of moral education implemented in the educational process at a university, on the other. The results were processed using Fisher’s φ criteria, Student’s t-test, and descriptive statistics. This research is of interest to higher education researchers, university administrators, and faculty interested in creating a value-oriented educational environment, improving educational work, and preventing psychological risks. The research materials contribute to the development of scientific ideas about the spiritual and psychological potential of the individual, the determination of moral development deficiencies, and re-emphasize ways to overcome them through changes in the organization of professional training at the university.