卷 24, 编号 6 (2017)
- 年: 2017
- 文章: 10
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1728-0869/issue/view/991
Articles
INDIVIDUAL EXPOSURE LOAD OF FORMALDEHYDE AND ADOLESCENTS’ ORGANISM SENSIBILIZATION
摘要
All environmental factors influence on the human directly or indirectly. The biggest influence has the outdoor air, which is one of the major health risk factors associated with the environment. The proportion of 9-18 % of the total hazard index of inhalation exposure belongs to formaldehyde, which has a general toxic, sensibilizing and allergic effect. The frequency of allergic rhinitis and asthma in children living in the industrial cities of Eastern Siberia is 28-36 %. The purpose of the study was to assess the individual load of formaldehyde and detection its relationship with teenagers' organism sensitization. The study was carried out on the territory of two industrial cities with high and moderate levels of air pollution. The individual hazard indices of formaldehyde inhalation exposure were calculated for 373 adolescents. The formaldehyde concentration in urine was determined by HPLC method. The leukocyte migration inhibition test to formaldehyde has been studied. The levels of secretory immunoglobulin IgA, total IgE in serum were determined by ELISA technique. The number of eosinophils in nasal mucus was calculated. Individual hazard indices of formaldehyde inhalation exposure were exceeded in all patients. Elevation of formaldehyde concentration in the urine was found in every third adolescent. More than 30 % of the surveyed had a response to the formaldehyde in leukocyte migration inhibition test, which indicates the presence of sensitization to this chemical. About 20 % of students had a combined increase of total IgE levels in the blood and the number of eosinophils in the nasal mucus and more often these cases are marked in the group of adolescents with the lowest indices of formaldehyde exposure. Reduction of the secretory immunoglobulin A was found in the serum of adolescents with increased risk indices of formaldehyde inhalation exposure.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2017;24(6):3-8
3-8
EVALUATION OF LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF HUMAN’S CONTINUOUS STAY IN ARGON CONTAINING HYPOXIC GASEOUS ENVIRONMENT
摘要
The aim of the study was an assessment of risk of long-term adverse health effects for research volunteers caused by their preceding continuous (for 60 days) stay in normobaric argon containing hypoxic gaseous environment (ArHGE) with oxygen content of 14 %, argon - 30-35 %, carbon dioxide - 0.03-0.8 %, nitrogen - the rest. Such environment is planned to create at manned hermetically sealed facilities to increase their fire explosion safety. 6 man aged 26-52 who had taken part in the above mentioned tests were examined, and then, 10 months after the end of the tests they were examined again for possible development of long-term adverse health effects, functional state and capability caused by stay in ArHGE. The study has revealed that within 10 months after the tests none of the examined persons has shown any distress of physical and mental health, unacceptable reduction in a quality of life, physiological and psycho-physiological reserves of the organism, physical and mental (including operating) capability. The obtained results confirm feasibility and safety for a human in creation such environment in inhabited hermetically sealed facilities to increase their fire explosion safety.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2017;24(6):9-13
9-13
SYNDROME OF ACQUIRED MENTAL IMMUNODEFICIENCY AS A POLYMORPHIC IDENTITY DISORDER AND THE PREDICTOR OF ADDICTIVE EPIDEMICS
摘要
Galloping growth of addictive disorders in the modern world of mental epidemics requires the improvement of existing models of prevention and protection. The article systematizes the characteristics and classification of addictions. Substantial discrepancies between official statistics and epidemiological studies on prevalence of addictions are shown, reflecting the unrealized potential of mental preventology. The isolation of the acquired mental immunodeficiency syndrome (AMIDS) as a polymorphic identity disorder is justified. The phenomenology of AMIDS in propaedeutics of mental medicine (MM) is described. The task of the primary addictological prevention is to increase the level of mental immunity (MI) as a biopsychosociospiritual identity matrix and the basis for the security of the individual and society. Mental security (MS) is the safe interaction of individual and social conscience with the environment. The MS accumulates and focuses MI resources and mental resilience registries that are measured and forecasted, modeled and managed by various mental health services (MHS). MHS is a synergetic ψ-cluster of the state and society that provides the MS. The task of forecasting and warning of threats to MS is performed by systemic monitoring of mental health, which is the interface of public conscience and the MHS tool. Groups of indicators of MS as protection of individual and public conscience from external and internal threats, including the risk assessment of the destructiveness of biogenesis and sociogenesis, psychogenesis and animogenesis, as well as systemic dysfunctions of MI are singled out. Abnormalities of MI functions that make up the clinical phenomenology of AMIDS in the pathogenesis of addictive disorders are systematized. The possibilities of the MI technological platform in the system approach to the prevention of addictations are substantiated, and the principles of the structural and functional development of the MHS are singled out. MM becomes one of the pilot models of the new resource support of the Russian public health system in the current crisis reality.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2017;24(6):14-18
14-18
MORPHOLOGY OF INTRAVASCULAR AUTOROSETTES AT HEALTHY CHILDREN
摘要
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the morphological types of autorotation (AR) in the peripheric blood in children under the influence of outdoor air pollution. Material and methods. 613 students of I-II health groups under ordinary life conditions were surveyed. They were divided into 2 groups depending on the index of atmospheric air pollution on the schoolyards. In blood smears (stained with Romanovsky-Giemsa) AR number was counted and determined their morphological types and the morphology. The modification of red blood cells was evaluated. Results. It was stated that with increase of the air pollution index the intensity of autorosette-formation (ARO) in the blood increased. AR morphotype depends on the nature of rosette cells (leukocyte), to which at least three modified autologous erythrocytes are tightly fixed. Leukocytal AutoRotate formed by neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and large, medium and small platelet aggregates were distinguished. Conclusions. Contaminated atmospheric air is a risk factor for the health of children and adolescents. AR morphotype depends on the nature of the rosette cells. The frequency of the ARC in the peripheral blood grows with increasing number of modified red blood cells. Further research is needed in this area.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2017;24(6):19-23
19-23
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF HEALTH STATUS OF ADOLESCENTS OF DIFFERENT ETHNIC GROUPS IN BURYAT REPUBLIC
摘要
In present time medical and demographic problems of indigenous peoples of Russia are becoming more important. Growth crisis, increasing of primary disease incidence are observed in such community. Comparative assessment health status and physical development of adolescent of Soyot and Buryat ethnic group. Thirty two adolescent of Soyot and sixty nine teenagers of Buryat ethnic group aged 13 to 17 years, living in Okinsky region of Buryat republic. Based on these data revealed that the proportion of healthy adolescents is higher among the Buryat ethnic group. The health status of adolescents is characterized by a high level of disease of the digestive system, musculoskeletal and endocrine systems. Analysis of physical development presented that in all groups of interest harmonic mean of physical development have diagnosed. However, among adolescents of Soyot group this index was higher than Buryat ones, whose proportion of adolescents with physical development is above average, disharmonious and sharply disharmonious were large enough. Formation of adolescent health of indigenous peoples is largely due to the environmental conditions of residence, ethnicity and degree of prevention work.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2017;24(6):24-29
24-29
EXPERT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, SPECIFIC FOR INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF SIBERIAN ARCTIC (ON THE BASIS OF KRASNOYARSK REGION)
摘要
The article presents the results of long-term (2010-2016) integrated field studies in the Siberian Arctic, the Krasnoyarsk Territory, that is densely populated with indigenous peoples (Evenki, Evens, Selkups, chum, Dolgans, Nenets, Chulyms). All the world's indigenous peoples are particularly vulnerable in situations of global transformation and urbanization. Indigenous peoples of the Siberian Arctic live in areas that are actively being reclaimed by modern mining companies. The cultural heritage of indigenous peoples includes the unique biological and socio-ecological practices connected, in particular, with the domestic nomadic reindeer breeding. The author of the article organized the Delphi - survey of 127 experts, for which a special questionnaire has been developed, including issues, critical situations, critical technologies that are typical for Siberian Arctic, where indigenous peoples live. It is possible to model three main scenarios of the environmental situation of indigenous peoples of Siberian Arctic based on analysis of the experts' responses. The main conclusions of the experts, which included representatives of the North and Siberian indigenous peoples, connected with the greatest probability of the pessimistic scenario, according to which environmental risks would increase, and the cultural heritage of indigenous peoples would disappear together with its carriers. The development of environmental rights of indigenous peoples and special efforts to preserve the unique environmental practices in areas of traditional nature (TTN) is necessary for overcoming the pessimistic scenario. At the same time, a modern legislative framework for the formation of TTN in the Krasnoyarsk region is virtually absent. It is recommended to improve the legislative framework in the field of environmental law as well as the intensification of strategic partnership between the civil society organizations of indigenous peoples of Siberian Arctic and representatives of mining companies working in that region.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2017;24(6):30-35
30-35
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF HUMAN MIXED SALIVA IN NORM
摘要
It is known that the monitoring of superoxide dismutase and catalase activity allows to assess the level of influence of environmental situation in particular chemical factors of ecosystem on public health. "Oxidative stress" is one of the mechanisms of environmental influence on human organism. Considering complex character of catalase and superoxide dismutase activity change interpretation of the obtained results can be difficult, thus it is more effective to use integrated indices in particular, antioxidant activity. The aim of the study was to develop approaches to assessing the severity of "oxidative stress" by determining the activity of antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant activity of human saliva and study variations of these parameters in norm. It is shown that activity of individual antioxidant enzymes varies even during the day, and therefore the interpretation of these values і s difficult. Antioxidant activity can be a most promising indicator for assessing the intensity of the "oxidative stress" of biological fluids, such as saliva. Method of determining of antioxidant activity saliva is picked up using 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol. Temporal and physiological characteristics are determined for the dynamics of saliva antioxidant activity in norm, the stability of this parameter is shown, taking into account age and gender characteristics.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2017;24(6):36-40
36-40
THE INFLUENCE BY QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS OF KNEE BY SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND COMORBIDITY
摘要
Not enough attention has been paid to the problem of association between socio-demographic indicators in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee, and their quality of life. The purpose is to study the influence of socio-demographic indicators of the quality of life among the patients with knee OA having radiographic stages 0-2. Materials and methods. The patients with knee ostheoarthritis were included into the study. The bases of the study were the main hospitals of Arkhangelsk. Results. 527 patients were included into the study. Their quality of life and socio-demographic characteristics (sex, age, social status, comorbidity) were evaluated. The analysis of the standardized indicators showed decrease of the main general indicators of SF-36 questionnaire in patients with gonarthrisis stages 0-2. The standardized indexes of quality of life evaluated in patients with negative OA stage revealed decrease of SF 81.5 (95 % CI, 67.0-96.0). The first stage of OA had influence by MH 55.8 (95 % CI, 40.3-71.3) and RE 55.9 (95 % CI, 41.4-70.4). Further OA progression into the second stage aggravated MH 48.2 (95 % CI, 19.6-76.8), VT 48.2 (95 % CI, 20.9-75.5). Conclusion. The greatest impact on quality of life has mental health and social functioning.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2017;24(6):41-49
41-49
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF GASTRIC CANCER IN KAZAKHSTAN IN 2005-2014
摘要
An analysis of the gastric cancer incidence, mortality, five-year survival rate and the frequency of early revealing in the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period 2005-2014 was performed. As a result of the study, a statistically significant trend in declining incidence (from 18.9 to 16.4 per 100 000 population) and mortality from (from 15.0 to 11.8 per 100 000 population) was revealed. The frequency of early detection of gastric cancer (I-II stages) increased from 16.8 % to 34.2 %, but the five-year survival rate began to increase only in 2012. The incidence of gastric cancer decreased in 5 regions of Kazakhstan, mortality decreased in 9 regions, the increase in the frequency of early detection was observed in 8 regions of 16.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2017;24(6):50-57
50-57
GESTATION-SPECIFIC LIVE-BORN TWIN BIRTH WEIGHT, LENGTH AND HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE PERCENTILES AND CURVES ADAPTED FOR NORTH-WESTERN RUSSIA
摘要
Until now, national percentiles and curves for twins based on population registry data have not been published. It complicates the diagnosis of fetal growth retardation. In the article, the algorithms of birth weight, length and head circumference percentiles and curves for twins born alive at gestational age 32-40 weeks are described. We used data from the population-based Murmansk County Birth Registry (2006-2011) and the Arkhangelsk County Birth Registry (2012-2014), Russian Federation. Data on 1 567, 1 631 и 1 628 newborns were used to create birth weight, length and head circumference percentiles, respectively. Gestational-specific curves present data on 10th, 50th and 90th percentiles. Mean birth weight and head circumference in males were higher compared to corresponding parameters in females at any gestational age. At 32 weeks of pregnancy mean birth length in females was higher compared to length in males. In our current study, the database was comprehensive enough to be representative for the population. Conclusively, the results of the study will be valuable for clinical practice across other regions of the Russian federation.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2017;24(6):58-64
58-64