卷 19, 编号 1 (2012)
- 年: 2012
- 文章: 10
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1728-0869/issue/view/1060
Articles
MODERN CONCEPTS OF THE MECHANISMS FORMING NORTHERN STRESS IN HUMANS IN HIGH LATITUDES
摘要
The extreme climatic and geographical northern conditions cause a human northern stress (“the polar tension syndrome”). The main components of this syndrome are an oxidative stress, failure of detoxication processes and barrier organs, disorders of the northern metabolism, the northern tissue hypoxia, immune insufficiency, blood hypercoagulation, polyendocrine disorders, regenerative and plastic failure, electromagnetic homeostasis disorders, functional dissymmetry of interhemispheric interrelations, desynchronosis, psychoemotional tension, meteopathia. It has been shown that chronic stress caused organism reserve exhaustion leading to development of some dysaptative disorders and pathological states.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(1):3-11
3-11
ECOLOGICAL-PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF NORTHERN CLIMATIC FACTORS LITERATURE REVIEW
摘要
Literary information on the ecological-physiological characteristic of the leading northern climatic factors has been analyzed. The combination of fluctuations of temperature and atmospheric pressure, high relative and low absolute humidity, strict wind regime, significant changes of solar activity, diversity of magnetic fields behavior, sharp photoperiodicity and pronounced UV-deficit cause a special structure of the northern regions’ climate. Per totality of climatic characteristics and taking into account the general biological effect of these factors, their combinations and the degree of manifestation, the territories of the North as a whole can be referred to the zone of uncomfortable natural-climatic living conditions with the elements of manifested extremeness of a number of parameters placing exclusive demands to human body functional systems.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(1):12-17
12-17
USE OF CONTRAST TEMPERATURE EFFECTS FOR PROMOTION OF PHYSICAL ENDURANCE IN HEALTHY MEN
摘要
The goal of the work was to reason complex applications of contrast temperature effects for promotion of physical efficiency in healthy men. 35 healthy volunteers with low physical endurance were examined. For restoration of their physical endurance, we used cyclic infrared and cryothermic effects. The interactive physical endurance was estimated with the use of the increasing veloergometry test. It has been determined that after the five-day course of infrared treatment, the low spare capacities and physical endurance were recovered. The five-day course of aerocryothermic treatment was accompanied by long-time adaptation shifts in the organisms. This nonmedical physiotherapeutic method allows to protract our positive treatment effects.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(1):18-22
18-22
PHYSICAL FITNESS OF RUSSIAN AND INDIAN STUDENTS STUDYING IN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
摘要
Physical development, functional status and physical fitness of Russian and Indian male students studying in the Northern State Medical University were compared during two years. In the Indians, the anthropometric indexes, functional capability of the cardiorespiratory system and physical fitness showed statistically-valid inferiority to those evaluated in the Russians. The biggest part of the first-year students had the average level of physical development. Exercises contributed to improvement of central hemodynamic indexes, speed and strength properties and flexibility. Physical exertion optimization is needed in order to gain a training effect.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(1):23-28
23-28
DYNAMICS OF CARDIAC RHYTHM VEGETATIVE REGULATION INDICES IN TRAWLER FLEET FISHERMEN IN ARCTIC FISHERY
摘要
In our research, 81 fishermen have been examined in order to study the dynamics of physiological characteristics during the 6-month voyage in the Arctic winter climatic conditions on one of the ships of the Arkhangelsk Trawler Fleet. It has been detected that ship work professional experience growth led to increased impact of the sympathetic vegetative nervous system on cardiac rhythm. The dynamics of indices describing the vegetative nervous system functional state concerning the cardiac rhythm depended significantly on the age of the fishermen and the voyage period.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(1):29-32
29-32
FEATURES OF SLEEP-WAKE CYCLE IN PHYSIOLOGICAL AND ABNORMAL PREGNANCY
摘要
The article presents the characteristics of the daily cycle "wake-sleep" in women with physiological pregnancy and the risk of interruption. Significant differences in the sleep structure in normal and abnormal pregnancy have been established. It has been detected that changes in nocturnal sleep in abnormal pregnancies were characterized by reduced quantity and increased duration of the sleep cycles, multiple segmentation of sleep phases, lots of awakenings, and increased motor activity during sleep, increased number of apnea compared to normal pregnancy.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(1):33-38
33-38
CHANGES IN NERVOUS SYSTEM PROPERTIES OF MILITIA SCHOOL STUDENTS DURING TWO YEARS OF STUDY
摘要
The need in determination of methods of effectiveness increase and quality improvement in militia officers’ training demanded to conduct a comprehensive study of their individual psychophysiological abilities. The long-term study of the militia school students was aimed at studying of dynamics of the nervous system characteristics in the learning process. The ordinary motor reaction and complex selective response to light have been determined. The students were chosen by means of common sampling. Statistical significance has been determined according to the Student test (t) for dependent sampling. In the observation period, the following changes occurred: the decrease of the latent (9.5 %, р = 0.006), motor (38.7 %, р < 0.001) and common (22.3 %, р < 0.001) time of easy motor reaction. The latent time of complex selective response to light decreased by 7.3 % (р = 0.045), motor -by 25.2 % (р < 0.001), common - by 14.1 % (р < 0.001). It has been established that the study two-year period resulted in the increased lability level and balance of nervous processes, excitement force and mobility of the nervous processes in the central nervous system, rapidity and stability of motor and sensorial reactions.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(1):39-43
39-43
CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE AND LOW EJECTION FRACTION
摘要
Objectives. Off pump beating heart technique for myocardial revascularization was used successfully both in low and high risk patients. Its application in low ejection fraction patients was limited. The aim of our study was to evaluate the results of this technique application in patients with low ejection fraction and to compare it with the on pump bypass technique. Methods. This retrospective study included 174 patients with ejection fraction below 0.45 who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass surgery. 37 patients underwent myocardial revascularization with the use of conventional coronary artery bypass grafting (cCABG), while 137 patients had off-pump beating heart bypass grafting (OPCAB). Different preoperative, operative and postoperative variables were evaluated in both groups. Results. The patients profiles and risk factors were similar in both groups. The mean EF for patients who underwent cCABG was 43 % (Q1 = 40; Q3 = 44) in comparison with 42 % (Q1 = 38; Q3 = 44) for the OPCAB patients - (U = 2105,5; Z = -1,6; p = 0,11). Predicted risk for surgery according to EuroSCORE was similar in both groups (U = 2004.0; Z = -1.97; p = 0.05). The number of grafts performed per patient was significantly bigger in the patients who underwent cCABG - 4.0 (Q1 = 3.0; Q3 = 4.0) Vs 3.0 (Q1 = 3.0; Q3 = 4.0) in OPCAB; (U = 1625.5; Z = -3.55; p < 0.001). Completeness of revascularization was similar in both groups (U = 2335.5; Z = -1.0; p = 0.316). Incidence of hospital mortality and complications were higher in cCABG in comparison with OPCAB. Incidence of inotropic support, ICU, hospital stay and blood transfusion was significantly bigger among patients who underwent cCABG. Conclusions. OPCAB technique can be used in myocardial revascularization in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Morbidity and mortality was lower than that in the cCABG group.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(1):44-50
44-50
INTERRELATION OF WEATHER ORDINARY FACTORS AND CEREBRAL FUNCTIONS IN PERSONS WITH NEUROLOGICAL DEVIANCES
摘要
In order to detect peculiarities of ordinary atmospheric factors effect on cerebral functions of persons with neurological deviances, there was conducted an EEG-examination of 343 neurological out-patients without meteorotropic complaints. The EEG results have been collated mathematically with synchronous meteoreports. 343 weather factors’ natural combinations have been assessed. We judged about cerebral meteosensitivity by presence, degree and nature of connections between meteorological variables and neurodynamic parameters’ values. It has been established that against neuropathology, the brain physiological reactivity to weather was preserved, though it had a weakened and dissimilar nature than that in the healthy persons. Differences in the degree of cerebral meteosensitivity depending on clinical entities have been detected. Therefore, meteosensitivity providing the brain work adaptation to the environment and creating conditions for absence of subjective perceptions of weather in the healthy men, was poorly manifested or was depraved against neuropathology, however, it was in evidence.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(1):51-58
51-58
EDINYE TREBOVANIYa K RUKOPISYaM, PREDSTAVLYaEMYM V NAUChNO-PRAKTIChESKIY ZhURNAL «EKOLOGIYa ChELOVEKA»
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(1):59-60
59-60