Traditional and Innovative Approaches in the Breeding of Garden Chrysanthemum in the South of the Russian Far East

Abstract

This paper defines priority plant-breeding-significant features and properties of new varieties that differ from native and foreign analogues in complex adaptability to biotic and abiotic stresses of the monsoon climate of the Russian Far East and high decorativeness. Traditional and innovative approaches in the breeding of the garden chrysanthemum are presented. Intervarietal, interspecific, and closely related crosses, as well as radiation mutagenesis, were used. Interspecific hybridization based on adaptive Manchurian and Korean high-mountain species of the Chrysanthemum genus made it possible to improve the genetic basis of existing varieties and solve the problem of individual and complex economic features. The genotypes that combine the main target features of immunity to white rust, winter hardiness, and optimal flowering period are created for the first time in the native breeding of the garden chrysanthemum. Hybrids and varieties of a new generation are obtained, which make it possible to expand the domestic assortment.