Experimental Justification of Approaches to Developing Pathogenetic Means towards the Prevention and Treatment of Early Postradiation Gastrointestinal Disorders

Abstract

Experiments on dogs have shown that antagonists of receptor types D₂ (domperidone, metoclopramide, dimethpramide), 5-HT₃ (ondansetron, palonosetron), and NK₁ (aprepitant) impair gastrointestinal manifestations of the primary reaction to irradiation (vomiting and diarrhea). Blockers of H₂ (cimetidine) and opiate (naloxone) receptors, inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis (voltaren, indomethacin), and M-cholinolytic methacin have a predominantly antidiarrheal effect. None of the drugs in our trials reduced the severity of early postradiation hypokinesia. The most promising avenue to effectively prevent and treat the main clinical manifestations of the primary reaction to irradiation is assumed to be the development of complex drugs that affect various aspects of pathogenesis.