Determination of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors by Spectrophotometric and Chromatographic Methods

Abstract

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are a novel class of oral anti-diabetic agents used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and work to enhance the effect of incretin hormones. There has been significant research on wide range of analytical techniques that could be useful in the estimation of DPP-4 inhibitors in formulations and biological matrices. Analytical methods such as ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry, mass spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, HPLC, high pressure thin layer chromatography, ultra performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography‒mass spectrophotometry and capillary zone electrophoresis have been reported for the estimation of DPP-4 inhibitors in single and/or in combination with other drugs. This comprehensive review covers most of the spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods described for the determination of sitagliptin, alogliptin, vildagliptin, linagliptin, saxagliptin and teneligliptin in pure forms, in different pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological fluids. From the review it can be deduced that a large number of chromatographic methods have been developed, and HPLC-UV methods have been commonly used in the detection and evaluation of DPP-4 inhibitors.