Effect of the carbon component on the electrical and optical properties of nanocellulose-based composites

Аннотация

The results of X-ray studies of the structure of components of composite materials based on milled microcrystalline cellulose are presented. The 3D model of the atomic arrangement in the short-range order of amorphous carbon can be described by a mechanical mixture of two types of clusters in the ratio of 1 : 2. One type of clusters is formed by two planar graphene single layers shifted relative to each other and containing vacancies, and the other type is presented by six graphene grids. The cellulose matrix with silicon nanoparticles has a low photoluminescence-signal degradation rate. The introduction of fullerenes into nanomaterial as a third nanofraction, as well as the action of ozone, leads to anomalous luminescence kinetics under UV (ultraviolet) photoexcitation, which can be associated with competing processes of hydrogen and oxygen adsorption on the surface of silicon nanoparticles. A change in the ionic conductivity of the porous cellulose matrix upon exposure to ozone can be used to develop effective ozone detectors. Such a filler as amorphous-crystalline carbon causes not only ionic but also electronic conductivity in the sample; however, the processes of space-charge redistribution remain dependent only on the ion-current component. An increase in the total current passing through the pressed sample eliminates the need for a further increase in the signal in the design of ozone sensors.