A haplotype network approach to reconstruct the phylogeny of Rosa L. (Rosaceae)

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Аннотация

We used plastid ndhC-trnV intergenic spacer to reconstruct genealogy of haplotypes and phylogenetic relationships of major taxonomic groups of the genus Rosa. We analyzed the data using statistical parsimony, Maximum Likelyhood and NeighborNet approaches. According to our results, the majority of species may be subdivided into three groups roughly corresponding to taxonomic sections Pimpinellifoliae, Rosa (former Cinnamomeae) and Synstylae + Chinenses + Gallicanae + Caninae. We assess their relationships as broadly paraphyletic, since the first group appears to be ancestral to the second and the third. The fourth group distanced from these three by many mutational steps consists of R. persica (subgenus Hulthemia) sequences. We argue that R. persica together with North American R. minutifolia and R. stellata (section Minutifoliae) probably represent the only remnants of an ancient group of roses widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere in Olygocene. Two major lineages of the section Caninae arose independently from different ancestors belonging to Synstylae.

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Рұқсат жабық

Авторлар туралы

Ivan Schanzer

Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden, Russian Academy of Sciences

Хат алмасуға жауапты Автор.
Email: ischanzer@gmail.com
Ресей, 127276, Moscow, Botanicheskaya str., 4

Alina Fedorova

Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: ischanzer@gmail.com
Ресей, 127276, Moscow, Botanicheskaya str., 4

Ilya Meschersky

A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: ischanzer@gmail.com
Ресей, 119071, Moscow, Leninskiy pr. 33

Әдебиет тізімі

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2. Fig. 1. Network of ndhC-trnV haplotypes of the genus Rosa constructed by the statistical parsimony method. Haplogroups are designated by Roman numerals and outlined. The size of the circles correlates with the number of sequences combined into one haplotype. Black dots indicate missing intermediate haplotypes not found among the analyzed samples. Resolved closed loops are indicated by dotted lines. The colors of the haplotypes and the designations in the legend (in the upper left corner) correspond to the taxonomic sections of the genus Rosa. The correspondence of haplotype numbers to species and sections is given below (for more details, see Table 2 in the Appendix):

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3. Fig. 2. Geographic distribution of the main haplogroups in the genus Rosa. The colors correspond to the haplogroup numbers in Fig. 1 and are shown in the legend in the upper right corner.

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4. Fig. 3. NeighborNet splitgraph of ndhC-trnV haplotypes of the genus Rosa. Haplotype numbers are given in Table 2 of the Appendix. Roman numerals denote haplogroups, as in Fig. 1. Haplogroup I is highlighted by a filled ellipse, as the root. Haplotype 51 (R. omeiensis) is highlighted in bold, as it occupies a different position in the TCS haplotype network.

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5. Fig. 4. Phylogenetic tree of the genus Rosa constructed by the maximum likelihood method using the complete plastid genome sequences. Colors and Roman numerals on the right denote haplotype groups and correspond to the ndhC-trnV haplogroups in Fig. 1. Bootstrap support greater than 50% is shown above the branches. Branches in bold indicate bootstrap support of 100%. The number 51 to the right of the first divergent clade corresponds to the haplotype number of R. omeiensis in the haplotype network in Figs. 1, 3. The names of incorrectly taxonomically identified samples are shown in bold.

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