Separate and combined effects of chronic sleep deprivation and high-fat diet on metabolic parameters and neurobehavioral functions in rats

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Among the negative consequences of chronic lack of sleep, obesity and its associated metabolic and neurobehavioral disorders occupy a significant position. Chronic lack of sleep leads to increased appetite and a preference for high-calorie foods, thereby provoking a higher risk of developing obesity. The cause-effect relations between short sleep duration and the pathophysiology of obesity, as well as the effects of their combined impact on the organism, remain poorly studied. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of sleep restriction (SR) and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity, both separately and combined, on metabolic parameters and neurobehavioral functions in rats. In the study a model of chronic SR (3 hours of sleep deprivation on a moving platform and 1 hour of rest daily for 5 days) and HFD feeding (8 weeks) was used in male Wistar rats. Control animals received standard dry feed. It has been established that SR leads to an increase in body weight and adipose tissue and impaired glucose tolerance, and with the combination of SR and HFD, the spectrum of metabolic and hormonal disorders expands, including decreased insulin sensitivity, as indicated by an increase in insulin levels and the insulin resistance index. We have demonstrated for the first time that when SR is combined with HFD, neurocognitive indicators, in particular working memory, are also impaired, as evidenced by a decrease in spontaneous alternation in the Y-shaped maze test, while in groups with only SR or HFD, these indicators did not change. It was found that impaired working memory in the SR+HFD group may be associated with dysregulation of the dopaminergic system in the prefrontal cortex. The combined effects of SR and HFD may be considered as a significant risk factor for the development of metabolic disorders and cognitive deficits.

作者简介

M. Chernyshev

Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: netmisha@mail.ru
Saint Petersburg, Russia

M. Pazi

Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences

Saint Petersburg, Russia

D. Belan

Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences

Saint Petersburg, Russia

A. Shpakov

Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences

Saint Petersburg, Russia

K. Derkach

Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences

Saint Petersburg, Russia

I. Ekimova

Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences

Saint Petersburg, Russia

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