Study of the influence of fat-soluble vitamins and vegetable oils on heterogeneous equilibrium in the system “calcium – phosphorus – calcium hydroxyapatite” in the oral cavity on model solutions in vitro

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Abstract

In this work, the influence of fat˗soluble vitamins A, E, Dand some natural vegetable oils (olive, sunflower, mustard, almond, hemp, sesame, flaxseed, pumpkin, sea buckthorn, cedar, black cumin oil, avocado oil) containing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the range from 9 to 62% and fat˗soluble vitamins A, E, Din the range from 0,0025 to 180 mg/dm3 on the heterogeneous equilibrium in the calcium–phosphorus–calcium hydroxyapatite system in the oral cavity was investigated using model systems of calcium chloride and hydroxyapatite in vitro. Using trilonometry, turbidimetry and conductometry methods it was established that the decrease in the content of calcium ions in a calcium chloride solution in the presence of vegetable oils is on average 76,9% and depends on the content of PUFAs in them, and in the presence of fat˗soluble vitamins A, E, D – on average by 8,1%. A decrease in the light transmittance of a saturated solution of calcium hydroxyapatite in the presence ofRM and vitamins (maximum with the addition of vitamin D (ΔT = 26,0%) and avocado oil (ΔT = 13,0%)) is due to the interaction of calcium ions with the components of natural vegetable oils and fat˗soluble vitamins A, E, D. According to the data obtained, vegetable oils can be conditionally divided into three groups in relation to calcium ions: strongly binding (cedar, black cumin, sesame, sunflower), low˗binding (sea buckthorn, pumpkin, avocado) and medium˗binding (linseed and other oils). When developing measures to prevent caries and other oral diseases in dental practice, it is advisable to use only certain types of natural vegetable oils, such as sea buckthorn. The amount of fat˗soluble vitamins A, E, D, and PUFAs in vegetable oils should be taken into account when making recommendations for dietary adjustments for both preventative and therapeutic purposes.

About the authors

I. L. Tikhonova

Ural State Medical University

Email: koritca14@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0004-9287-2451
Candidate of Sciences in Chemistry Yekaterinburg, Russia

N. A. Naronova

Ural State Medical University

Email: edinstvennaya@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9422-896X
Candidate of Sciences in Pedagogy Yekaterinburg, Russia

N. A. Belokonova

Ural State Medical University

Email: 89221503087@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8271-7253
Doctor of Sciences in Engineering, Professor Yekaterinburg, Russia

D. R. Galishina

Ural State Medical University

Email: dianagalishina@yandex.ru
Student Yekaterinburg, Russia

V. S. Molvinskikh

Dental– Vera LLC

Email: vaksa66@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-8828-8044
Candidate of Sciences in Medicine Yekaterinburg, Russia

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