编号 1 (2023)

The article deals with the evolution of Romania’s foreign policy during the period of transition (from December 1989 to 1992). This period has played an important role in the history of Romanian diplomacy because it has laid the foundation of the political course that was implemented in the following decades. But Romania did not choose this course from the beginning and for a certain time maintained her typical multivector diplomacy, balancing between Moscow and the West. Only when her initial calculations turned out to be a mistake, course was abruptly changed. This paper analyzes the reasons for Romania’s actions and with the usage of historical sources reveals the details of the events. In particular, the article analyzes the signing of the Soviet-Romanian basic treaty in 1991, which was the only example of how the so-called «Kvitsinsky doctrine» was put in practice in the relations between the USSR and East European countries.

The study of the internal history of a literary language allows you to change ideas about its development, based solely on the history of the external. Internal history is primarily the study of the formation and change of its norm by comparing texts related to different synchronous levels. So, comparisons of the language of translations into the Slovak language of the Holy Bible, carried out in 1756–1759 and 1830, with the codification of A. Bernolak (1787) shows that they represent two different stages of the formation of the same norm, which even codification could not significantly changed, but only corrected, mainly in the field of spelling. In this regard, A. Bernolak's codification is not the initial stage in the development of the Slovak literary language, the origins of which date back to an earlier period.

The paper puts into comparison the names and the identifying features of the Serbian and Chinese (Shandong province) mythological spirits (ss. water demons) along with the relevant rites and folk legends. The article examines anthropomorphic (Serb. водењак, lit. ‘waterman’, Chine. shuigui, lit. ‘water devil’, maorenshuiguai, lit. ‘haired devil’) and zoomorphic (Serb. водени бик,lit. ‘water bull’, Chin. biejing, lit. ‘water turtle’) water demonic creatures, as well as the dragon-like water monsters that form a separate group of the demons who belong with both water and air spaces. The research is based on the methods of the Moscow ethnolinguistic school, which presupposes reconstruction of the ancient folk spiritual culture backed by the linguistic data (either texts or lexical units) and provides the reader with the stories and legends, rites and ceremonies, associated with water mythological spirits with their names and the models of such nominations. In conclusion, the author analyzes the typological similarities and differences of the investigated mythological water demons and their names, documented in the folk cultures of the Chinese Shandong province and Serbia.

The review highlights the general results of the field ethnolinguistic expedition in the city of Krushevo and in the villages of the Bitola district (North Macedonia) in 2022. The purpose of the expedition was a survey of the Aromanians living close to the Slavic Macedonian population in this area. The constant intensive contacts and interaction of the Slavic and the non-Slavic population contributed to linguistic and cultural interference and borrowing in the traditions under consideration. The field research was directed to the collection of the material on funeral and memorial rituals, mythological ideas and terminology serving this «mortal» sphere. In the course of the survey, a wide vocabulary layer of borrowings was revealed both in the language and folk culture.

On the Centenary of the Birth of Elena Z. Tsybenko

IzotovAndreyI.Štícha F., Vondráček M., Kolářová I., Smejkalová I., Giger M., Osolsobě K., Petkevič V., Veselý L., Lukešová L., Panevová L., Ševčíková M., Bílková J., Kopáčková L., Půda L. Comprehensive Academic Grammar of Contemporary Standard Czech. Prague, Academia Publ., 2021, 978 p. // Slavic Studies. Journal of Russian Academy of Sciences. = Slavyanovedenie. 2023.

Lagno A.R. Borders and Spaces in the History of Eastern Europe: From the Fixed to the Phantom Ones // Slavic Studies. JournalofRussianAcademyofSciences. = Slavyanovedenie. 2022. No.1.

Prof. Hanna Popowska-Taborska (1930–2022)