Structure and Electrochemical Properties of Cathode Materials (Na3V2 ‒ xScx(PO4)3) for Sodium-Ion Batteries

T. I. Perfilyeva; Перфильева Т. И.; A. M. Alekseeva; Алексеева А. М.; O. A. Drozhzhin; Дрожжин О. А.; E. V. Antipov; Антипов Е. В.

doi:10.31857/S0424857023070095

Structure and Electrochemical Properties of Cathode Materials (Na3V2 ‒ xScx(PO4)3) for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Authors: Perfilyeva T.I.¹, Alekseeva A.M.¹, Drozhzhin O.A.¹, Antipov E.V.¹^,2
Affiliations:
1. Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow State University
2. Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology
Issue: Vol 59, No 7 (2023)
Pages: 369-377
Section: Articles
URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0424-8570/article/view/139287
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S0424857023070095
EDN: https://elibrary.ru/TXUCTA
ID: 139287

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Abstract

Solid solutions Na3V2 − xScx(PO4)3 (0 < x < 2) are synthesized by the sol-gel method followed by annealing in inert atmosphere. The structure of Na3V2 − xScx(PO4)3 (x = 0.5, 1.2) compounds is studied by the method of powder X-ray diffraction. As the degree of substitution increases, the unit cell parameters and volume tend to increase on retention of the NASICON-type structure. The electrochemical properties of Na3V2 − xScx(PO4)3/C materials as the cathodes for sodium-ion batteries are studied in sodium half-cells in different potential intervals: 2.5−3.8, 2.5−4.5, and 1.0−4.5 V vs. Na/Na+. The charging curves of all materials demonstrate two plateaus: at ≈3.5 and ≈4 V vs. Na/Na+, corresponding to the successive transitions V3+/V4+ and V4+/V5+. However, the high-voltage plateau is reversible at the subsequent discharge only for the Na3V1.5Sc0.5(PO4)3/C material. This allows one to carry out the stable reversible cycling of this material in the potential interval of 1.0−4.5 V vs. Na/Na+ with the capacity higher than 170 mA h g−1, which corresponds to (de)intercalation of three Na+ per formula unit.

Keywords

sodium-ion battery, cathode materials, NASICON

References

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