Vol 75, No 11-12 (2019)
- Year: 2019
- Articles: 18
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0361-7610/issue/view/15267
Article
Glass and Ceramics Volume 75, Number 11
Effect of Boron-Containing Components on the Technological Properties of Basaltic Melts and Glasses
Abstract
The technological properties of basaltic melts and glasses based on basalt-colemanite compositions were investigated. It was established that the production temperature of continuous fiber when using boron-containing compositions can be lowered owing to the reduction of the viscosity, liquidus temperature, and crystallization capacity of the melt.
Effect of Surface-Active Components of Polishing Compositions on the Deformational-Strength Properties of Ruby and Quartz Surfaces
Abstract
It is shown by direct methods that under the action of the surfactants present in polishing compositions the deformational-strength properties of a thin surface layer of solid bodies change in fine abrasive machining processes. Ruby and quartz were used as examples.
Creation of Three-Dimensional Ceramic Structures with Prescribed Architecture Based on the System Ca2P2O7–CaNa2P2O7
Abstract
The problems of creating three-dimensional structures with a prescribed architecture based on pyrophosphate ceramic by the consumable additive method are studied. The problems of filling with a powder precursor the polymer negative printed in a 3D printer as well as preserving the structure of the material in the process of removing the polymer were solved. The processes of sintering of ceramic materials as well as the mechanical characteristics of the obtained materials are studied.
Glass and Ceramics Volume 75, Number 12
Crystalline Phase Formation in a Foam Glass Matrix and its Effect on Material Performance
Abstract
The results of studies on the formation of a crystalline phase in the matrix of foam glass as well as the influence of this phase on the performance of a material (strength in compression, density, and others) are presented. The particularities of the technological process of foam-glass synthesis taking account of crystallization are shown. It is found that an amorphous-crystalline frame (crystalline-phase content to 20%) where crystalline inclusions of definite size (35 – 50 nm) play a reinforcing role is necessary in order to increase the strength of the foam glass.
Microgranular Heterogeneity of Quartz Glass
Abstract
A physico-chemical analysis is performed of technologies for producing quartz grit and making glass from it. Experimental production of glass from grit was performed. The conditions of melting made it possible to form microgranular inhomogeneity with a volumetric network of boundaries in a glass ingot decorated with impurities. Optical, electron microscopic, and mass spectroscopic studies confirm the new hypothesis of microgranular heterogeneity appearing in quartz glass. The results of these studies can be taken into account when making high-quality ultrapure quartz glass for science-intensive industries.
Methods of Additive Technologies for the Manufacture of Ceramic Products (Review)
Abstract
A review of publications devoted to the additive technologies used in the manufacture of ceramic products is presented. Methods of molding articles from sedimentation-resistant systems are described in greatest detail. The advantages and disadvantages as well as the characteristics of each method are presented. The basic requirements of the parameters of materials for printing are reflected.
Light and Sound Emission from Impact-Damaged ZnS and ZnSe Ceramics
Abstract
The results of mechanoluminescence (ML) and acoustic emission (AE) studies of the response of the ceramic materials ZnS and ZnSe to impact damage to the surface are presented. The experiment simulates the process of dust erosion of optical components made from these materials and installed on high-speed mobile carriers. A comparison of a time series of light and sound emissions showed that ML manifests two peaks approximately 50 – 200 and 150 – 200 μsec after impact, while AE occurs in a single peak near 200 μsec. This result is explained by plastic deformation of the material at the first stage of fracture and subsequent formation of microcracks.
Science for Glass Production
Computer Experiment on Models of the Dynamics of Mechanical Stresses of Glass Articles with Complex Configuration During Their Firing
Abstract
Mathematical models of the dynamics of mechanical stress fields in glass articles with complex configuration of the cylindrical-conical and prismatic-cylindrical type were developed. Finite difference equations making possible computer modeling of the process of change of the stress state in a glass article during firing are derived, using the obtained models of the dynamics of temperature fields, on the basis of a relaxation theory of vitrification. The results of a computer experiment on models of the dynamics of the mechanical stress field in glass articles are presented.
Kinetics of the Structural Relaxation in Borosilicate Melts
Abstract
The kinetics of structural relaxation in oxide systems containing complexing elements—boron and silicon— was studied by the potentiometric method. The effect of the nature and composition of the oxide electrolyte and the quenching temperature on the kinetic parameters of the anionic polymerization process was uncovered. Modeling of the relaxation processes in liquid borosilicates was conducted. Two kinetic schemes of structural relaxation, taking account of the slowness of the depolymerization of silicon oxide complexes and change of the coordination of boron, are examined. The influence of different physical and chemical factors on the rate of the relaxation processes and the equilibration time are analyzed.
Materials Processing
Calculation of Thermal Processes in a Bonded Diamond Tool During Grinding of Glass and Other Materials
Abstract
The results of calculations of thermal processes occurring in a bonded diamond tool during grinding of different materials on the surface in the contact zone with the machined material and in the interior of the diamond tool are presented. Amathematical model of the heating of the binder of the diamond tool as a result of friction in the grinding zone and cooling by a cutting liquid (CL) is described.
Efficiency and Quality
Salient Aspects of the Implementation of Digital Economics in Glass Plants in Russia
Abstract
Aspects of the digitization of the economics of glass production are examined. The effect of digitization on the appearance of new and change an existing business models is shown. Owing to the modernization of glass production on the basis of Industry 4.0 technology it is possible to optimize and automate the basic production and control processes of a business, increase equipment utilization efficiency, and improve the planning of raw-materials consumption and finished-goods production schedules.
Science for Ceramic Production
Synthesis of Microcrystals of Heavy-Boron-Doped Diamond and BC3-Heterodiamonds at High Pressures and Temperatures
Abstract
The results of the synthesis and analysis of diamond crystals with heavy boron doping (about 2%), which were obtained from mixtures of gas black with m-carborane at 8 GPa and 1873 K, are presented. A high boron concentration in the diamond lattice was confirmed by x-ray data and the characteristic Raman scattering spectra, which correspond to diamond with metallic conductivity. Thermobaric treatment of the diamond-like dl-BC3 phase (1100 K, 25 GPa) results in the formation of BC3-heteronanodiamond.
Formation of the Structure and Phase Composition of Polycrystalline Diamond with Cobalt Infiltration in the System Diamond – Hard Alloy
Abstract
Polycrystalline diamond composites (PCD) were obtained by cobalt infiltration from a hard-alloy substrate into a porous diamond layer at temperature 1600°C and pressure 6.0 GPa in a cubic hydrostatic-compression press. To improve the thermal stability of the composite the upper layer of the cobalt was etched by hydrofluoric acid to depth 150 μm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to analyze the interaction at grain-binder and grain-grain boundaries. After cobalt infiltration a nanodiamond phase and a cubic cobalt-carbide phase CoCx are present on the grain-binder intergrain boundaries while after etching of the cobalt bulbous structures were found in the surface layer of the sintered polycrystalline diamond composite.
Environmental Protection
Effect of the Synthesis Atmosphere on the Process of Formation of Pyrochlore Matrices for HLW Immobilization
Abstract
The synthesis of ceramic matrices, based on zirconium-enriched pyrochlore for the immobilization of high-level waste (HLW), by means of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) under the pressure of argon and compressed air in a SHS-reactor was investigated. The dependences of the phase composition and characteristics of the crystalline phases of the material on the gas pressure were determined. It is shown that all rare-earth elements (REE) (Ce4+, La3+) from the model mixture of the HLW are incorporated into the structure of the ceramic. It is established based on evidence derived from elemental analysis that lanthanides are concentrated in the perovskite and pyrochlore structures.
At Enterprises and Institutes
Method of Processing Quartz Accessories in the Manufacturing of the Structures of Micro- and Nanoelectronics
Abstract
The effect of different methods of processing quartz accessories for the purpose of completely removing hardly soluble films of borosilicate and phosphosilicate glasses is investigated. It is shown that the methods developed for processing quartz accessories make it possible to increase cleaning efficiency substantially. The optimal processing regimes for quartz accessories are presented.
Raw Materials
Chemical and Mineralogical Studies of Magmatic Rocks of Uzbekistan for Obtaining Heat-Insulating Materials
Abstract
The results of chemical and x-ray phase analysis of non-metalliferous raw materials resources are presented: diabase from Arvaten-Karakiiskoe, andesibasalt from the Karakhtaiskoe, and basalts from the Asmansaiskoe deposits, which are characterized as igneous rocks, and gabbro from the Akchinskoe deposit, which are characterized as intrusion rock. It was determined that the investigated magmatic rocks are promising raw materials for obtaining heat-insulating materials for various purposes.