No 1 (2025)

The paper considers the problem of organizing a new model of economic growth in Russia with an assessment of structural transformation. Economic growth in 2023–2024 showed an increase in the contribution to the dynamics of the investment expenditure component, which creates a good prerequisite for changing the model of structural dynamics of GDP growth. At the same time, the economic structure is subject to minor transformation, or there is none. The issue of the relationship between the growth rate and structural changes can be considered unresolved either in theory or in practice. The purpose of the study is to conduct a structural analysis of economic growth in Russia in the period 2000–2023 with the identification of basic changes in the structure of sectors, GDP components, in order to update unresolved problems of theoretical and applied purpose and outline an approach to their resolution within the framework of the relationship between growth and structure. The methodology of the study is based on the modern theory of economic growth and structural dynamics, elements of structural, regression and empirical analysis. The information base of the article is Rosstat data. The result of the work can be considered the provisions confirmed during the analysis that economic growth in Russia was not determined by structural changes in the economic base – the sectors of means of production and consumer goods, as well as the transaction, manufacturing and raw materials sectors. Growth was slowed down by the dominance of the financial sector, a disproportionate increase in investment in financial assets relative to a similar indicator in non-financial assets. The structural dynamics of GDP also confirms that the investment model of growth emerged only in 2023, since gross accumulation in this year provided the greatest contribution to the growth rate relative to other components of the gross product. The general conclusion is that the conditions for fixing the investment growth model, with the dominance of the transaction sector and the compressed development of the means of production, with the implementation of a rigid monetary policy – may not be preserved, may not develop, since there are no planned measures for structural policy that are designed to influence the established proportions and dynamics of the elements of the system. These aspects should form the prospect for planning and solving unresolved state problems.

The article is aimed at theoretical rethinking of the conceptual foundations of interaction between monetary and fiscal policies in order to identify the most acute problems of interaction that can have a negative impact on economic growth. As a result of the study, the conditions that can ensure mutual strengthening of the instruments of monetary and fiscal policy are proposed and substantiated.

Various social support instruments are currently regularly modified and updated in accordance with the demographic challenges of our time. Of particular relevance in connection with the observed demographic trends are government measures aimed at stimulating the birth rate and supporting families with children. The subject of the study presented in this article is the social support measures for single-parent families with children in effect in Russia as a whole and in the regions. The purpose of this study is to characterize the social support measures aimed at improving the well-being of both complete and single-parent families with children and currently implemented in Russia as a whole and in the regions. The study uses data from the Federal State Statistics Service concerning sets of measures within the framework of regional programs to increase the birth rate of all subjects of the Russian Federation; these data are analyzed and classified by the authors in accordance with the focus of the measures and their target audience. The result of the study is a list of relevant measures implemented in the regions of Russia. The materials contained in the work can be used to improve the system of supporting families with children and, in particular, regional programs to increase the birth rate.

The article defines the essence of modern concepts: Golden Billion (GB), World Majority (WM), colonies (neocolonies), Anglo-Saxons. It is determined that the GM consists of 23 countries with a population of about a billion people (up to 13% of the Earth’s population), which is the basis for quotas for the management and personnel of international organizations of global significance. As a sign of a country’s belonging to the GM, the authors substantiate the economic indicator of its purchasing power parity (PPP) of less than 1.4 (which ensures maximum world prices for its own products). They declared that the foundation of their state building is democratic principles, as a result of which they conflict with at least 65% of the WM states, considering them to be authoritarian to one degree or another. The WM perceives such a legal position of the GM as unfounded and justifying their neocolonial policy, which is based on controlled unequal exchange through manipulative and forceful imposition of sales of their own goods at monopolistically high prices and purchase of raw materials at reduced prices. At the same time, all WM countries are in fact considered as neocolonies. It is also shown that one of the conditions for maintaining the viability of the GM states is the isolation of their land borders from the neighborhood with uncontrolled (sovereign) countries from the WM .

The article examines the gas market of India and its cooperation in the fuel and energy sector. The author analyzes India’s energy policy, the dynamics of its energy consumption and its dependence on fossil fuel imports. The article notes that India’s fast-growing economy is an expanding market for fossil fuels for domestic and industrial needs, which is of particular interest to Russia due to the sanctions imposed on Russian companies and the need to diversify supplies. At present, foreign economic cooperation with Indian partners in the energy sector is developing steadily and progressively, and important joint projects are being implemented. And in the future, it is possible to increase Russian exports of raw materials to India.