Relationship Between Anxiety and Treatment Adherence in Patients with Hypertension
- Authors: Buzina T.S.1, Abdullaeva A.S.2, Shapovalova M.A.2
-
Affiliations:
- Russian University of Medicine
- Astrakhan State Medical University
- Issue: No 93 (2025)
- Pages: 45-54
- Section: Medical psychology
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0132-182X/article/view/292848
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.25016/2782-652X-2025-0-93-45-54
- ID: 292848
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
Relevance. The problem of hypertension is caused by the high prevalence of the disease, disability and mortality from cardiovascular complications. Increasing the level of treatment adherence is a complex and multicomponent process, since it is necessary to improve the treatment process of patients taking into account their personal characteristics and psychological status.
Intention – to assess the relationship between anxiety and treatment adherence in patients with hypertension stage 2 and 3 (HT), to develop practical recommendations.
Materials and methods. The study involved 300 patients with stage 2 and 3 hypertension (mean age 45 ± 7.4). At the time of the study, the patients were undergoing inpatient treatment at the private healthcare institution “Medical and Sanitary Unit” and were under the supervision of cardiologists and therapists (Astrakhan, Russia). The study used survey methods, in particular, psychodiagnostic techniques: KOP-25 “Quantitative Assessment of Treatment Adherence Questionnaire” (N.A. Nikolaev, Yu.P. Skirdenko), Spielberger-Khanin Anxiety Scale (Charles Spielberger, Russian adaptation by Yu.L. Khanin). Empirical data were recorded using the Google Forms Internet service. The parameters of descriptive statistics, the linear correlation coefficient and the Spearman rank correlation coefficient were calculated (SPSS Statistics 21.0 program).
Results. The study revealed a low level of overall treatment adherence in patients, which means low involvement in following doctor’s recommendations regarding medication, diet, and other lifestyle changes. Hypertensive patients showed high levels of situational and personal anxiety. The correlation analysis revealed an inverse relationship between treatment adherence and situational anxiety, which must be taken into account when monitoring the effectiveness of antihypertensive treatment.
Conclusion. The obtained results substantiate the necessity of forming positive commitment to a healthy lifestyle and treatment in patients with hypertension. Psychocorrectional measures should be aimed at optimizing the psychoemotional state and reducing anxiety in patients. Among the factors that play a negative role in increasing the degree of commitment to treatment, the following should be highlighted: attending health schools; informing relatives (with the patient’s consent); encouraging the use of non-drug therapy; psychocorrectional measures aimed at changing the patient’s lifestyle.
About the authors
Tatyana S. Buzina
Russian University of Medicine
Email: tbuzina@gmail.com
SPIN-code: 5867-0099
Dr. Psychol. Sci. Associate Prof., Head of the Department of General Psychology
Russian Federation, 4, Dolgorukovskaya Str., MoscowAliya S. Abdullaeva
Astrakhan State Medical University
Author for correspondence.
Email: alya_kubekova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6534-7035
SPIN-code: 6682-3573
PhD Psychol. Sci. Associate Prof., Associate Prof. of the Department of Economics and Healthcare Management with a course of postgraduate education
Russian Federation, 121, Bakinskaya Str., AstrakhanMarina A. Shapovalova
Astrakhan State Medical University
Email: mshap67@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2559-4648
SPIN-code: 9989-3343
Dr. Med. Sci. Prof., Vice-Rector for Postgraduate Education, Head of the Department of Economics and Healthcare Management with a Course of Postgraduate Education
Russian Federation, 121, Bakinskaya Str., AstrakhanReferences
- Ashanina E.N., Kobozev I.Yu., Kubekova A.S. Faktornyi analiz individual’no-psikhologicheskikh kharakteristik bol’nykh s razlichnymi stadiyami gipertonicheskoi bolezni [Factor analysis of individual psychological characteristics of patients with different stages of hypertension]. Vestnik psikhoterapii [Bulletin of Psychotherapy]. 2020; (73(78)): 46–58. (In Russ.)
- Buzina T.S., Abdullaeva A.S. Teoreticheskii analiz roli psikhologicheskikh faktorov priverzhennosti k lecheniyu bol’nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn’yu [Theoretical analysis of the role of psychological factors of adherence to treatment of patients with essential hypertension]. Lichnost’ v menyayushchemsya mire: zdorov’e, adaptatsiya, razvitie [Personality in a changing world: health, adaptation, development]. 2024; 12(1(44)): 46–58. DOI: 10.23888/ humJ202412146-58. (In Russ.)
- Dyusenova L.B., Pivina L.M., Ostroumova E. [et al.]. Vliyanie psikhologicheskikh faktorov na priverzhennost’ patsientov s arterial’noi gipertoniei k lecheniyu. Obzor literatury [The influence of psychological factors on the adherence of patients with arterial hypertension to treatment. Literature review]. Nauka i zdravookhranenie [Science and Healthcare]. 2018; (3(4)): 127–138. (In Russ.)
- Ibatov A.D., Morozova I.V. Psikhoemotsional’nyi status u bol’nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn’yu [Psycho-emotional status in patients with hypertension]. Vestnik natsional’nogo mediko-khirurgicheskogo tsentra im. N.I. Pirogova [Bulletin of the National Medical and Surgical Center named after N.I. Pirogova]. 2018; (3): 82–84. (In Russ.)
- Makarova I.A., Tsygankov B.D., Loginova I.S. [et al.]. Emotsional’nyi status patsientov s kontroliruemoi gipertonicheskoi bolezn’yu [Emotional status of patients with controlled hypertension]. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii [Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry]. 2019; (1): 82–87. doi: 10.17116/jnevro20191191282 (In Russ.)
- Podzolkov V.I., Bragina A.E., Medvedev I.D. [et al.]. Priverzhennost’ k lecheniyu i ee rol’ v reshenii problemy nekontroliruemoi arterial’noi gipertenzii [Adherence to treatment and its role in solving the problem of uncontrolled arterial hypertension]. Kardiovaskulyarnaya terapiya i profilaktika [Cardiovascular therapy and prevention]. 2023; (22(4)): 35–47. doi: 10.15829/1728-8800-2023-3547 (In Russ.)
- Russian universal questionnaire for quantitative assessment of adherence to treatment (KOP-25) [digital resource]. PsyTests. Psychological tests online. URL: https://psytests.org/diag/kop25.html
- Rybnikov V.Yu., Ashanina E.N., Kobozev I.Yu., Kubekova A.S. Psikhologicheskie osobennosti bol’nykh psikhosomaticheskogo profilya s razlichnymi strategiyami zashchitno-sovladayushchego povedeniya [Psychological characteristics of psychosomatic patients with various strategies of protective-coping behavior]. Vestnik psikhoterapii [Bulletin of Psychotherapy]. 2020; (74(79)): 97–109. (In Russ.)
- Salagaeva V.S., Tardzhimanyan E.A. Vliyanie psixoe`mocional`ny`x faktorov na lechenie i zhizn` bol`ny`x gipertonicheskoj bolezn`yu [The influence of psycho-emotional factors on the treatment and life of patients with hypertension]. Tribuna uchenogo [Tribune of a scientist]. 2023; (2): 159–161. (In Russ.)
- Slobozhaninova E.V., Savinykh E.A., Chepurnykh A.Ya., Shamsutdinova R.A. Vzaimosvyaz’ lichnostnoi trevozhnosti i tipa temperamenta s priverzhennost’yu k lecheniyu u bol’nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn’yu [The relationship between personal anxiety and temperament type and adherence to treatment in patients with hypertension]. Vyatskii meditsinskii vestnik [Vyatka Medical Bulletin]. 2020; (3(67)): 81–84. doi: 10.24411/2220-7880-202010112. (In Russ.)
- Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) [Electronic resource]. Healthcare in Russia. 2023. URL: https:// www.gks.ru
- Kholkina A.A., Isakov V.A., Timofeev E.V. Priverzhennost’ lecheniyu kardiologicheskikh bol’nykh: podkhody k otsenke, puti povysheniya i prognosticheskoe znachenie [Adherence to the treatment of cardiac patients: approaches to assessment, ways to improve and prognostic significance]. Juvenis scientia [Juvenis Scientia]. 2023; 9(4): 18–34. doi: 10.32415/jscientia_2023_9_4_18-34. (In Russ.)
- Shkala reaktivnoi i lichnostnoi trevozhnosti Spilbergera. Available at [Spielberger Reactive and Personal Anxiety Scale]. URL: http://azps.ru/tests/tests_spilberger.html
- Mancia G., Fagard R., Narkieewicz R., Redon J. [et al.]. The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). 2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. J. Hypertens. 2013; (31): 1281–1357.
- Marshall A.L. Challenges and Opportunities for Promoting Physical Activity in the Workplace. J Sci Med Sport. 2004. (1): 60–66.
- World Health Organization: Adherence to Long-Term Therapies: Evidence for Action. 2003. http://www.who.int/chp/knowledge/publications/adherence_full_report.pdf
Supplementary files
