Assessing External Water Exchange of Lake Bays by Water Chemistry Characteristics

Abstract

External water exchange of bays of the lakes Onega (Kondopoga and Petrozavodsk bays) and Ladoga (Hiidenselkä Bay), considering the exchange with the lake water, was assessed by water chemistry of the bays and inflowing waters, as well as by the volume of water inflow into the bays. The periods of water exchange were found to be 0.13 for Petrozavodsk Bay, 1.02 for Kondopoga Bay, and 1.15 year for Hiidenselkä Bay. Their water exchange periods are 2–3 times greater if water exchange with the lake was not considered. Data on water exchange in Petrozavodsk Bay were confirmed by seasonal variations of water isotopic composition.