Water quality assessment of the Huaihe River segment of Bengbu (China) using multivariate statistical techniques


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Abstract

In the study, multivariate statistical methods including principal component analysis (PCA)/factor analysis (FA) and cluster analysis (CA) were applied to analyze surface water quality data sets obtained from the Huaihe River segment of Bengbu (HRSB) and generated during 2 years (2011–2012) monitoring of 19 parameters at 7 sampling sites. The results of PCA for 7 sampling sites revealed that the first four components of PCA showed 94.89% of the total variance in the data sets of HRSB. The Principal components (Factors) obtained from FA indicated that the parameters for water quality variations were mainly related to heavy metals (Pb, Mn, Zn and Fe) and organic related parameters (COD, PI and DO). The results revealed that the major causes of water quality deterioration were related to inflow of industrial, domestic and agricultural effluents into the Huaihe River. Three significant sampling locations—(sites 2, 3 and 4), (sites 1 and 5) and (sites 6 and 7)—were detected on the basis of similarity of their water quality. Thus, these methods were believed to be valuable to help water resources managers understand complex nature of water quality issues and determine the priorities to improve water quality.

About the authors

Mimgsong Xiao

College of Life Science

Author for correspondence.
Email: xiaomingsong2004@126.com
China, Fengyang, 233100

Fangyin Bao

College of Life Science

Email: xiaomingsong2004@126.com
China, Fengyang, 233100

Song Wang

College of Life Science

Email: xiaomingsong2004@126.com
China, Fengyang, 233100

Feng Cui

College of Life Science

Email: xiaomingsong2004@126.com
China, Fengyang, 233100

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