The possibilities of impulse oscillometry in the diagnosis of the lung function disorders after COVID-19

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Abstract

Background. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is an effort independent method of studying lung mechanics.
Aim. To study the diagnostic significance of IOS in assessing lung mechanics after COVID-19.
Materials and methods. Spirometry, body plethysmography, diffusion test (DLco), IOS parameters were analyzed in 315 patients (the median age 48 years), the median period from the beginning of COVID-19 to the study was 50 days. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and one-dimensional logistic regression analysis with an assessment of odds ratios.
Results. In general group, spirometry and body plethysmography parameters were in normal values, while DLCO was reduced in 61% of patients. Parameters of IOS were analyzed in the general group and between the groups, depending on the value of DLco and total lung capacity (TLC): normal or reduced. In general group, reactance area (AX), hererogeneity of resistance Rrs5–Rrs20, resistance at 5 Hz (Rrs5), reactance at 5 Hz (ΔXrs5) were increased in 29.8%, 17.8%, 6%, 4.8% of patients, respectively, and were statistically significantly higher in the group with reduced TLC, whereas in the group with reduced DLco AX, Rrs5–Rrs20 were statistically significantly higher. Logistic regression analysis showed that patients with Rrs5-Rrs20>0.07 kPa×sec/l or AX>0.32 kPa/l had a 1.99-fold and 2.24-fold increased risk for decrease DLco, respectively, while the risk of decrease in TLC was 2.25-fold (p=0.012) and 3.16-fold (p<0.001) higher, respectively.
Conclusion. IOS allow to detect both dysfunction of small airways (if AX or Rrs5–Rrs20 are increased) and the risk of restrictive pattern and lung diffusion impairment after COVID-19.

About the authors

Olga I. Savushkina

Burdenko Main Military Clinical Hospital; Federal Pulmonology Research Institute

Email: olga-savushkina@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7486-4990

кандидат биол. наук, зав. отделением исследований функции внешнего дыхания Центра функционально-диагностических исследований ФГБУ «ГВКГ имени академика Н.Н. Бурденко», старший научный сотрудник лаб. функциональных и ультразвуковых методов исследования ФГБУ «НИИ пульмонологии»

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Pavel A. Astanin

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health

Email: olga-savushkina@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1854-8686

аспирант, ассистент кафедры медицинской кибернетики и информатики ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ имени Н.И. Пирогова», научный сотрудник лаб. комплексных проблем оценки риска для здоровья населения и работающих ФГБНУ «НИИ медицины труда имени академика Н.Ф. Измерова»

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Galina V. Nekludova

Federal Pulmonology Research Institute; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Email: olga-savushkina@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9509-0867

доктор медицинских наук, вед. научный сотрудник лаб. функциональных и ультразвуковых методов исследования ФГБУ «НИИ пульмонологии», профессор кафедры пульмонологии Института клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Sergey N. Avdeev

Federal Pulmonology Research Institute; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Email: olga-savushkina@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5999-2150

академик РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, рук. клин. отд. ФГБУ «НИИ пульмонологии», проректор по научной и инновационной работе, зав. кафедры пульмонологии Института клинической медицины имени Н.В. Склифосовского

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Andrey A. Zaytsev

Burdenko Main Military Clinical Hospital; BIOTECH University

Author for correspondence.
Email: olga-savushkina@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0934-7313

доктор медицинских наук, профессор, гл. пульмонолог ФГБУ «ГВКГ имени академика Н.Н. Бурденко», зав. кафедры пульмонологии (с курсом аллергологии) Медицинского института непрерывного образования

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

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