Biotechnological Potential of the Soil Microbiome

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Abstract

Molecular biological techniques and bioinformatic analysis were used to investigate the phylogenetic and functional diversity of the prokaryotic complex of soil microcosms. The dominant organisms of the hydrolytic community were different in the samples from different climatic zones. In the soils subject to anthropogenic or abiogenic load, apart from decreased diversity and abundance of prokaryotes, the number of the genes marking the ability to degrade xenobiotics, as well as those encoding nitrogen conversion and metabolism of vitamins and cofactors, was found to increase. Under heavy oil contamination, the bacterial community was capable of nitrification; its role increased in the lower horizons of the soil profile. The patterns revealed in the work indicate high metabolic potential of the prokaryotic component of the studied soils.

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About the authors

N. A. Manucharova

Moscow State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: manucharova@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119991

A. P. Vlasova

Moscow State University

Email: manucharova@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119991

M. A. Kovalenko

Moscow State University

Email: manucharova@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119991

E. A. Ovchinnikova

Moscow State University

Email: manucharova@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119991

A. D. Babenko

Moscow State University

Email: manucharova@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119991

G. A. Teregulova

Moscow State University

Email: manucharova@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119991

G. V. Uvarov

Moscow State University

Email: manucharova@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119991

A. L. Stepanov

Moscow State University

Email: manucharova@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119991

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Principal component analysis using the Bray–Curtis metric of the structure of prokaryotic communities of the studied samples with the addition of substrates (chitin biopolymer or hydrocarbons).

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3. 2. Biodegradation of xenobiotics: A — aminobenzoate; B — benzoate; C — caprolactams; D — chloroalkanes/chloroalkenes; E — chlorocyclohexane/chlorobenzene; F — naphthalene; G — PAHs. The studied samples: 1 ‒ chernozem; 2 ‒ chernozem incubated with a resource; 3 — chestnut soil with a resource; 4 — chestnut soil; 5 — sod-podzolic soil incubated with a resource; 6 ‒ sod-podzolic soil; 7 ‒ permafrost; 8 ‒ permafrost incubated with a resource.

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