The Role of Alpha-Tocopherol and Cycloferon in the Regulation of Apoptosis in Neurons of the Hypothalamic Suprachiasmatic Nucleus and Pinealocytes during Stress and Aging
- Authors: Khuzhakhmetova L.K.1, Belyaeva M.M.2, Teply D.L.3, Bazhanova E.D.3,2,4
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Affiliations:
- Astrakhan State Medical University
- Institute of Toxicology, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia
- Astrakhan State University
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry
- Issue: Vol 55, No 5 (2019)
- Pages: 380-387
- Section: Morphological Basics for Evolution of Functions
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0022-0930/article/view/159808
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0022093019050053
- ID: 159808
Cite item
Abstract
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus and the pineal gland (epiphysis) play an important role not only in the regulation of circadian rhythms but also in the implementation of adaptive responses, including those to various stress factors. Age-related morphofunctional changes in these brain structures, including those associated with increased oxidative stress, exert a significant effect on the organism as a whole. The aim of this work was to explore the dynamics and mechanism of apoptosis in pinealocytes and SCN neurosecretory cells as well as to determine the possibilities of pharmacological correcting this process by an antioxidant alpha-tocopherol and an immunomodulator cycloferon under physiological and immobilization stress conditions in young (2–4-month-old) and aged (30-month-old) Wistar rats. The preparations were administered perorally once a day for 14 days. While the apoptosis level increased with age both in the SCN and the pineal gland, administration of alpha-tocopherol, cycloferon and their combination led to abate this process. It was shown that stress-induced apoptosis in the SCN and the pineal gland proceeds via the p53-dependent pathway, while administration of alpha-tocopherol acetate, cycloferon and their combination decreases the apoptosis level in pinealocytes, suppressing p53 expression both in young and aged animals. In the SCN, no relationship was found between apoptosis and p53 expression levels after administration of the above preparations during stress, suggesting the involvement of different mechanisms.
Keywords
About the authors
L. K. Khuzhakhmetova
Astrakhan State Medical University
Email: bazhanovae@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Astrakhan
M. M. Belyaeva
Institute of Toxicology, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia
Email: bazhanovae@mail.ru
Russian Federation, St. Petersburg
D. L. Teply
Astrakhan State University
Email: bazhanovae@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Astrakhan
E. D. Bazhanova
Astrakhan State University; Institute of Toxicology, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia; Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry
Author for correspondence.
Email: bazhanovae@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Astrakhan; St. Petersburg; St. Petersburg