EFFECT OF SIDERAL BINARY MIXTURES INVOLVING SOYBEANS ON THE QUALITY AND FERTILITY OF TYPICAL CHERNOZEMS

In a field experiment, the effect of binary sideral mixtures involving soybeans on the content of humus, mobile phosphorus, and exchangeable potassium in arable and sub-arable horizons of typical heavy loamy chernozem was evaluated. It is shown that the use of mixed agricultural communities for sideration can be one of the reserves for reproducing the potential and effective fertility of chernozems in the Central Chernozem Zone, as well as improving the quality of these soils. The most significant positive effect on the agrochemical properties of both arable and sub-arable horizons, as well as on the increase in grain yields, was the agrocenotic effect in binary mixtures of soybeans with corn, sunflower and buckwheat varieties Demetra. It is shown that the yield of grain crops was largely limited by the content of mobile phosphorus in the soils, the amount of which increased under the influence of the agrocenotic effect in the sideral agricultural communities. Reliable relationships between grain yields and humus content in the arable horizon indicated nitrogen deficiency. Unreliable correlations between grain yields and the content of exchangeable potassium in both horizons indicated a less pronounced deficiency of this element compared with mobile phosphorus and nitrogen.

binary sideral mixtures, soybeans, siderate productivity, grain yield, agrocenotic effect, agrochemical properties, typical heavy loamy chernozem