Effect of Bacterial Fertilizers on the Microbiological Activity of Segregated Chernozem in Spring Barley Crops

In the field experiment, in the Voronezh region on the territory of the Voronezh FASC, changes in the microbiological activity of the soil under the influence of bacterial associative biological products and mineral fertilizers during 2021–2022 were studied. Microbial strains were used for pre-sowing seed treatment. The soil of the experimental site is ordinary (segregational) medium–humus heavy loamy chernozem. The availability of available forms of batteries is medium and high. The barley variety is Talovsky 9. The cultivation technology is generally accepted in the zone. The preservation of soil fertility and its rational use due to changes in the direction of microbiological processes in the soil with the use of diazotrophs has been established. Associative preparations slowed down the processes of mineralization of humic substances. The number of bacteria associated with the destruction of organic matter decreased. With the complex use of mineral fertilizers with rhizobacteria, the number of nitrifiers responsible for denitrification processes and losses of soil nitrogen significantly decreased. A significant increase in the natural background of fertilization of the number of soil fungal microflora under the influence of diazotrophs was noted.