Effect of Binary Sidéral Mixtures with Buckwheat on the Activity of Cellulose-Destroying Bacteria and the Quality of Arable Chernozems

It was studied the use of sideral binary mixtures of 2 varieties of buckwheat among themselves, as well as with soy and sunflower on the activity of cellulose-destroying bacteria (CDB) and humus content in the arable and sub-arable horizons of typical heavy loamy chernozems. It is shown that the use of mixed agricultural communities for sideration in comparison with pure crops can significantly increase the number of agronomically valuable microflora and humus content. The activity of CDB has increased most significantly and the humus content has increased both in arable and sub-arable horizons, and there has also been an increase in the yield of grain crops under the influence of the agrocenotic effect in the crops of binary sideral mixtures of buckwheat of the Winged variety and buckwheat of the Demeter variety with sunflower. Relationships were established between the productivity of siderates, the yield of grain crops and the activity of CDB in the soil of both arable and sub-arable horizons, reliable at a 5% significance level. The dependences between the yield indicators and the humus content in the soils were less pronounced and in most cases were unreliable. The close relationship established between the values of CDB activity and humus content allowed us to conclude that the greater the CDB activity, the higher the quality of the studied soils.