The epidemiological aspects and the main directions of the development of protective drugs in relation to mpox

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Abstract

The termination of vaccination after the elimination of smallpox currently, it has led to the fact that a significant part of the population has become highly susceptible to orthopoxvirus infection, including those with a zoonotic reservoir. Of these infections, the greatest danger to public health is monkey pox. The purpose of this review is to evaluate of potential danger of monkey pox proliferation in non-endemic territories in conditions of a decrease in the level of anti-inflammatory herd immunity the largest outbreak of monkey pox in the entire history of observations started in May 2022, spread to all inhabited continents is considered. Possible causes of the outbreak (a new path of pathogen transmission, the appearance of the monkey pox virus in the course of natural evolution of the variant, characterized by new properties, a decrease in the level of anti-inflammatory herd immunity) are analyzed.

About the authors

Gennadiy G. Onishchenko

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: 48cnii@mil.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0135-7258

MD, PhD, Professor, Academician of RAS

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Tatiana E. Sizikova

48 Central Scientific Research Institute

Email: 48cnii@mil.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1817-0126
SPIN-code: 7768-3290

PhD in Biology, Senior Research Associate

Russian Federation, Sergiev Posad, Moscow Region

Vitaly N. Lebedev

48 Central Scientific Research Institute

Email: 48cnii@mil.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6552-4599

PhD in Biology, Professor, Leading Research Associate

Russian Federation, Sergiev Posad, Moscow Region

Sergey V. Borisevich

Russian Academy of Sciences; 48 Central Scientific Research Institute

Author for correspondence.
Email: 48cnii@mil.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6742-3919
SPIN-code: 5753-3400

PhD in Biology, Professor, Academician of the RAS

Russian Federation, Moscow; Sergiev Posad, Moscow Region

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Phylogenetic tree of Old World orthopoxviruses [9]

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3. Fig. 2. Phylogenetic tree of monkeypox virus [13]

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