Diagnostic and treatment algorithm for different phenotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps


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Abstract

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) may vary in clinical manifestations and can often be associated with a number of comorbid diseases. For a practitioner it is important to forecast the development of the disease, evaluate the risk of relapse and select the most efficient method of treatment in each clinical case. At present, there are no standardized and validated diagnostic biomarkers that could be used as predictors of CRSwNP clinical course. Purpose of the study: to develop diagnostic and treatment algorithm for varies CRSwNP phenotypes based on clinical and laboratory parameters. Materials and methods, CRSwNP patients were split into 3 groups: group 1 - CRSwNP without allergy and asthma; group 2 - CRSwNP with allergic rhinitis and/or allergic asthma; group 3 - CRSwNP with non-allergic asthma. All patients were subjected to nasal cavity endoscopy and nasal polyps biopsy, allergological examination, histological analysis of polyp stroma to detect the leukocytes infiltration and eosinophil-neutrophil index (ENI). Results, CRSwNP phenotypes show significant difference in clinical manifestations of rhinosinusitis (p<0.005), eosinophil blood count (p<0.001), and polyps stroma leukocytes infiltration (p<0.004). At the same time, the combination of CRSwNP with allergic rhinitis, allergic and non-allergic asthma showed a more pronounced inflammatory response, which once again confirms the fact of the mutual influence of these pathological processes on each other. It was also found that the absolute eosinophil blood in peripheral blood does not correlate with the severity of eosinophilic cell infiltration degree in nasal polyps stroma, and, consequently, does not have correlate clinically relevant information on intensity of the local inflammatory response, contrary to previously proven relation between eosinophil count in blood and sputum in patients with asthma. Conclusion, Our study showed the feasibility of phenotyping CRSwNP depending on the comorbidity, which is a necessary tool in the selection of therapy in each case. Therefore, to improve the control and prevention of relapse of CRSwNP, a diagnostic and treatment algorithm for the management of patients depending on the phenotype of the disease is proposed.

About the authors

E L Savlevich

Central State Medical Academy of Department for Presidential Affairs of the Russian Federation

Email: savllena@gmail.com
кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры оториноларингологии

M E Dyneva

NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA ofRussia

аспирант

L E Gaganov

Moscow regional research clinical Institute M.F. Vladimirsky

доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник патологоанатомического отделения

V I Egorov

Moscow regional research clinical Institute M.F. Vladimirsky

доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой оториноларингологии

A N Gerasimov

First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

доктор физико-математических наук, зав. кафедрой медицинской информатики и статистики Института цифровой медицины

O M Kurbacheva

NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA ofRussia

профессор, доктор медицинских наук, зав. отделением бронхиальной астмы.

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