Vol 18, No 3 (1922)
About spirochetoses
Abstract
Until 1905, that is, before the discovery of the causative agent of syphilis, Spirochaeta pallida, only very little was known about spirochetes; at the present time the chapter "Spirochetosis" belongs to the most extensive and important chapters of microbiology. At the time given to me for my presentation, I can give you only a brief overview of the relevant field.
On some features of the cultivation of Obermeier spirochetes
Abstract
After the discovery by Schaudin, in 1905, of the causative agent of syphilis, naturally keen interest among bacteriologists raised the question of the cultivation of this spirochete. However, the difficulties that were encountered on the way of the first researchers (Kolpino and Fontana, Levaditi and Mc Intosh, Schereschewsk y, Hoffmann) in solving this problem forced the question of cultivating spirochetes in general to be put on the agenda. Therefore, it is not a mere coincidence that the first pure culture of the spirochete (Spir. Dentium) was obtained by Mühlen S'OM in 1906, that is, already a year after the discovery of the pale spirochete. However, mixed cultures of spirochetes (so-called Mischkultur) were obtained even earlier — Goadby B1903, Veszpémi, Walver and F unni with lif fʹ, Müll e r and Scherber in 1905. In 1909, Schereschewsky received a pale spirochete in a culture mixed with other bacteria, and in the same year, Mühlens, and a year later, Hoffmann announced that they had received a pure culture of this spirochete.
Effect of yeast extract on mineral starvation
Abstract
The question of the importance of the mineral constituents of the poverty reap and its ash in the nutrition of the animal organism was first raised by the well-known Comission de Ia gelatine. In the reports of this Commission, we find, among other things, the assumption that the cause of death of animals, when fed with boiled meat, or washed in distilled water and squeezed out fibrin, is the low ash content of the food.
Current state of the art of protein therapy
Abstract
The subject of my lecture is the doctrine of the nonspecific treatment of infectious and other diseases, which, under the name Proteinkörpertherapie, currently combines a number of long-known therapeutic methods, such as: vaccine therapy, serotherapy, organotherapy, as well as those departments of pharmacotherapy where the current principles are various substances of a protein nature.
Blood test using the "thick drop" method
Abstract
I hardly need to talk about that. how important is the timely and rapid recognition of infectious diseases such as relapsing fever and malaria. Since the causative agents of these diseases in a certain period of the disease are in the peripheral blood, the usual method of recognizing these diseases is a blood test.
On the question of the treatment of relapsing fever during apyrexia
Abstract
Before the introduction of the principle of chemotherapy for spirillous diseases, the treatment of relapsing fever was only symptomatic: during an attack, antipyretic, cardiac, and other agents were used; the disease was essentially untreated from its beginning to its end.
A new method for temporary partial osteoplastic resection of the mandible for the removal of tongue cancer
Abstract
Wide access to the oral cavity is necessary for surgeons, mainly for the surgical treatment of tongue cancer with localization of the neoplasm in the posterior parts of the latter, especially when the cancer transitions to the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth or to the arcus palato-glossus.
On the question of the automatism of the functions of the spinal cord
Abstract
The functions of the spinal cord are automatic in the embryo in a normal person; thus, knee flexion is easier with hip flexion. In animals with a less differentiated forebrain, it appears more clearly (for example, in a rabbit, flexion of one articulation gives rise to flexion in the other).
Towards the current state of the doctrine of malformations of the eye
Abstract
During its development, the eyeball undergoes a number of metamorphoses until it takes on the finished form in which it is known to us in a fully developed state, as a miniature in size, but a complex structure and an organ that is important in its function. Even in a newborn, the eye is still incompletely formed, and its detailed completion continues for some time after the birth of the child.
Determination of lipoids in the grains of leukocytes. Savinі (Wien. m. Woch., 1921, No. 46)
Abstract
According to Savinі for this purpose, glasses with lubricants are placed in a 5% solution of two chromium copper, washed and stained with a saturated solution of charlah in ethyl alcohol, followed by: washing, light coloring of the nuclei with a contrasting paint, again washing, drying and imprisoning in neutral glycerin or a thick solution of levulose.
Early recognition of typhoid fever. Rebbert (Deut. med. Woch., 1921, No. 51)
Abstract
Rebbegt notes the importance of blood tests for the diagnosis of incipient typhoid fever: on the basis of egg experience, this author was convinced that the disappearance of eosinophils soon after the onset of fever and a drop in the number of leukocytes to 2000 are characteristic features of this disease.
Reinfection with relapsing fever. Schubert (Klin. Med., June 1922)
Abstract
On the basis of both his own observations and the data available in the literature, Schubert comes to the conclusion that relapsing fever does not give persistent immunity, after which reinfection is sometimes observed in both humans and animals; the latter can proceed with 1.2 or more attacks, and the nature of the primary disease and its duration do not seem to have a noticeable effect on the course of the disease during reinfection. In the opinion of this author, in order to avoid the spread of the disease, it is necessary to withstand recurrent typhoid patients in medical institutions with a normal temperature of 20 days, and any attack that occurs after this period can be considered reinfection.
Diagnostic value of spirochetes in gastric juice. Luger and Neuberger (Zeit. F. Klin. Med., Bd 92)
Abstract
Luger and Neuberger note the importance of the presence of spirochetes in gastric sleep for the diagnosis of gastric cancer. Meanwhile, as in a healthy stomach and with. non-cancerous diseases of the latter, spirochetes are found only very rarely, with stomach cancer they can be found, together with Boas-Orpler's rods, constantly.
Treatment of stomach and duodenal ulcers. Glässner (Wiener kl Woch., 1921, No. 47)
Abstract
Grlässner warmly recommends for this purpose a 0.2-0.4% solution of caustic soda with aq. menthae piperitae, 50 timing. every 2 hours, with the entire treatment lasting from 2 to 3 months. Caustic alkali has a threefold effect on the stomach wall: 1) neutralizing, 2) destroying enzymes and 3) cauterizing. It is tolerated by patients very well and usually gives a quick effect in the sense of the disappearance of pain and other subjective disorders.
The first experiments in vaccine therapy of bacillary and dysentery prof. Zlatogorov and Dr. Viskovsky (Mosk. Med. Zhurn., 1921, No. 2-3)
Abstract
Having tried vaccine therapy in 14 patients, Prof. Zlatogorov and Dr. Viskovsky found that this method was harmless and gave both general relief to the patients and improvement of local intestinal phenomena. The authors used for treatment: 1) Flexner type vaccine and 2) Flexner and Hiss divaccine from agar cultures killed by heating at 58° for 1 hour.
To the distinctive recognition of stomach cancer and achyliae gaslricae. Weinberg (Deut. Med. Woch., 1921, No. 29)
Abstract
When carrying out a differential diagnosis between these two diseases, the blood test for lymphocytes does not have, according to Weinberg, the significance that Moeves is trying to ascribe to it. True, according to Weinberg's observations, lymphopenia in stomach cancer occurs more often than in achilia gastrica, where, on the contrary, it is more often possible to ascertain lymphocytosis, but the difference here is not so great as to base the diagnosis on one attribute.
Prevention of recurrence of malignant tumors. Keysser (Arch. f. klin. Chir., Bd. 117)
Abstract
In the revolutionary committee, contrary to the generally accepted custom — after the prompt removal of cancers, to expose patients to prophylactic X-rays in order to prevent the return of the disease, there are Keysser's observations, according to which cancer underwent prophylactic X-rays in the Tübingen clinic the breast gave a higher percentage of relapses than those who did not.
Causes of ovulation. Khazan (Gynecology and Obstetrics, 1922, No. 1)
Abstract
Analyzing the question of the immediate cause of the bursting of a mature Graaf's bubble, Khazan arms himself against the currently prevailing theory of spontaneous ovulation in his opinion, in the larvae of sexually mature women there is always a ready-to-burst Graaf's bubble, which, as is the case in animals, waits only for the act of copulation in order to isolate its contents.
Etiology of acute liver atrophy. Mayer (Berlin. klin. Woch., 1921, № 31)
Abstract
Mayer emphasizes the important role that hies play in the etiology of acute atrophy of the liver: out of 25 cases of his material that were submitted for autopsy, in 15 cases of his material, the previous syphilis was undoubted and in 5 - probable.
Induction of a miscarriage with the help of x-rays. Arkhangelsk (Arch. Klin. and Eksp. Med., 1922, No. 1)
Abstract
Having tried X-ray (at a dose of 18 to 67 N, given for 3-7 sessions) with this purpose in 10 cases of early pregnancy (the delay of menstruation was from 8 to 35 days), Arkhangelsky received sharply different results depending on the duration of pregnancy: in 7 cases, where the delay in menstruation was no more than 3 weeks, abortion occurred, in 3 cases where the delay was more than 3 weeks. the pregnancy, despite the X-ray, continued.
Terpikhin for chronic inflammatory diseases of the female genital area. Schwarz (Deut. Med. Woch., 1921, No. 52)
Abstract
This remedy, offered by Oestreichеr, contains 15% ol. terebinthini, 0.5% quinine and anesthesin each, 84% ol. olivarum. Having applied it in 22 cases of perimetritis, salpingitis, oophoritis, infiltrates in the posterior Dоnglasen, etc., Schwarz was very pleased with the results.
Pandy's reaction. Scholle (Med. Zh., 1922, No. 5)
Abstract
The essence of this reaction, which occurs in all infectious diseases of the central nervous system, is as follows: to 1 cubic meter. site, concentrated (1:15) carbolic acid, poured into a small test tube, add 1 kyle of cerebrospinal fluid taken from a patient; if in this case there is an infectious disease of the central nervous system, then, due to the increased content of globulins in the cerebrospinal fluid, a smoky cloud of turbidity is formed in a few seconds throughout the contact of the drop falling to the bottom with the carbolic solution, while the normal liquid of this cloud does not give .
Zonulotomia. Stock (Klin. Mon. f. Augenheil., 1918)
Abstract
In 2 cases of military eye injuries, where the opaque lens was spliced with a cord with the marginal scar of the cornea and the iris, Stock performed a small operation, which, in his opinion, in such cases is preferable to iridectomy and discision lens.
Purulent diseases of the middle ear and mastoid process with typhus. Sverzhevsky (Med. Zhurn., 1922., No. 8-9)
Abstract
According to Sverzhevsky these diseases are observed in 0.2-58% of cases of typhus. In this case, purulent inflammation of the mastoid process in the vast majority of cases is preceded by the same inflammation of the middle ear at 4-5 weeks of typhoid.
Lumbar puncture as a remedy for vertigo. Karchikyan (Vrach. Zhurn., 1922, No. 1)
Abstract
According to the observations of Karchikyan, removal of 10 cubic meters. sant. cerebrospinal fluid by lumbar puncture is an excellent symptomatic remedy for vertigo, which is a common companion of diseases of the inner ear, a fact first established by Babinski.
Lenigallol in a runny nose. Isaсson (Berlin. kl. Woch., 1921, No. 48)
Abstract
According to Isaсson, lenigallol is either in the form of an ointment (lenigalloli 0.6, oxydi zinc 2.0, vaselini ad 10.0), or in the form of a powder (lenigalloli 1.0, oxyd zinci 9.0, atouіі 5.0, sach.lactici ad 20.0), is a harmless, reliable agent against the common cold.
A few words about the state of the Russian medical periodicals in 1922
Abstract
The war, the revolution and the economic devastation that followed them dealt a heavy blow to the Russian scientific press in general and the Russian medical press in particular. ” others, after several attempts to come out in a reduced size, they completely ceased to appear in the light. But our scientific medical thought did not die out. Despite the extremely difficult external conditions, it continued to work hard, and as a result, as soon as the slightest opportunity arose, medical journals and newspapers began to reappear in various scientific centers of Russia. and of a special nature. Strictly speaking, there were too many of them in the coming year, if we take into account the available scientific forces and material resources of the country — namely, over 50 — and, naturally, the quantitative aspect of the matter turned out to be at the expense of the qualitative one. Many of these journals were published in the reporting year in the amount of only 2-3 of a very small volume. not able to boast of either their content or their appearance. Hopefully, they are just seeds from which lush sprouts will subsequently develop.