Vol 61, No 5 (1980)
New frontiers of Soviet health care
Abstract
In improving Soviet health care after the 25th Congress of the CPSU, a special place is occupied by the resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR "On measures to further improve public health." This decree noted not only the achievements in the field of health care, but also a number of unsolved problems.
Indications for surgical treatment for gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer
Abstract
Of 259 patients with peptic ulcer who underwent surgical treatment, 189 (73%) were operated on for absolute indications (perforation, stenosis, malignancy), 29 (11.2%) - for conditionally absolute indications (profuse bleeding, callous and penetrating ulcers) and 41 (15.8%) - relative.
Experience of using hemosorption in clinical practice
Abstract
The results of the treatment of patients with exogenous and endogenous intoxication by the hemosorption method are presented. The effectiveness and safety of this method of purifying the blood from toxic substances make it possible to expand the indications for its use.
Tactics of observation and treatment of patients with foreign bodies of the gastrointestinal tract
Abstract
The experience of treating 26 patients with different types of foreign bodies of the gastrointestinal tract is generalized. A classification of foreign bodies is proposed, taking into account clinical manifestations. Practical recommendations have been developed according to the proposed classification.
Transillumination study in ischemic intestinal pathology
Abstract
The paper presents the results of a transillumination angiological study of the affected intestine in patients with acute postoperative necrotizing ischemic enterocolitis of hypotensive genesis. Samples of transillumination angiograms are shown.
Surgeon's tactics for relaparotomy after small bowel anastomosis in children
Abstract
The main complications after resection of the small intestine in 87 out of 560 operated children are described. With peritonitis, which developed as a result of the divergence of the anastomotic sutures, it is preferable to remove the bowel loop carrying the anastomosis to the anterior abdominal wall.
On some features of enzymatic pancreatogenic peritonitis
Abstract
Enzymatic peritonitis develops in two phases; the properties of the effusion in each phase are different. The main therapeutic measure for enzymatic peritonitis should be the removal of toxic effusion not only from the abdominal cavity, but also from the retroperitoneal tissue.
Balanced Anesthesia Using Sodium Oxybutyrate in Emergency Surgery
Abstract
A method of intravenous anesthesia with sodium oxybutyrate in combination with drugs for neuroleptanalgesia and ataralgesia has been developed. The results of the use of anesthesia in 174 urgent surgical patients were analyzed. The normalization of acid-base balance under the influence of sodium oxybutyrate was noted.
Large-frame fluorography in dispensary observation of patients with consequences of spinal and spinal cord trauma
Abstract
A large-frame fluorographic examination (with direct image enlargement) of 425 persons who had suffered an uncomplicated spinal injury was carried out. Fluorograms were performed in frontal, lateral and oblique projections of the spine with the victim's vertical position
Method of zonography of the thoracic cavity organs in children
Abstract
In 327 children sent to the pediatric tuberculosis department, along with other methods of X-ray examination of the lungs, chest zonography was performed. The advantage of zonography over conventional tomography is shown. The features of performing lung zonography in children are described.
Tomography in the diagnosis of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis
Abstract
A total of 197 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were examined, including 186 with destructive and 11 with other forms of the disease. Used tomography with longitudinal and oblique smearing, zonography, selective tomography. It is proposed to standardize the use of various methods depending on the severity of the main syndromes of pulmonary tissue damage: a) limited darkening, b) foci, c) dissemination, d) cavities.
Exacerbations and relapses of purulent-destructive pneumonia
Abstract
In 24 out of 122 patients with residual bullous-sclerotic changes in the lungs after purulent-destructive pneumonia, exacerbations and relapses were observed in the long term. Based on the analysis of the frequency and characteristics of exacerbations and relapses, their clinical and radiological course and outcomes, measures for their prevention were proposed.
About prophylactic medical examination of children with acute pneumonia
Abstract
Nonspecific factors of resistance of the organism of children turned out to be lower in case of localized pneumonia, which can be attributed to the frequent transferred and concomitant diseases and can be considered as the cause of decompensation of protective mechanisms during the period of clinical recovery. When analyzing the developmental histories of children with pneumonia, relapses were found in 30.5% of children after a localized form and in 25.2% after a toxic form. Consequently, follow-up care on an outpatient basis must be carried out regardless of the form of pneumonia transferred.
Improvement of the technique of transluminal aortography
Abstract
The technique of transluminal aortic puncture, based on the use of individual mathematical calculations for each patient, in determining the angles of the needle to the aorta and the distances from the point of needle injection to the puncture point of the aorta, using a special device for directing the needle to the aorta strictly at the calculated angles The technique allows to bring the needle to the target level of aortic puncture with 100% accuracy, and also to reduce the trauma of the study.
Acupuncture for minor gynecological operations
Abstract
A comparative study of the effectiveness of abortion acupuncture in comparison with methods of local anesthesia was carried out. Acupuncture analgesia turned out to be a more effective method of pain relief for abortion surgery than paracervical administration of novocaine and lubrication of the mucous membrane of the cervical canal with dicaine.
The use of anti-lymphocyte globulin in Rh-conflict pregnancy
Abstract
A clinical study of anti-lymphocyte globulin as a means of suppressing Rh isosensitization in 56 pregnant women was carried out. Its use in combination with other methods contributed to a more favorable course of pregnancy, complicated by Rh-conflict. Anti-lymphocyte globulin causes a decrease in the pathogenic activity of the mother's immunological system in relation to the fetus.
Forms of deontological and general clinical training of doctors during training in internship
Abstract
Such forms of training interns as annual scientific and practical conferences on ethics and deontology, medical care at work, involving not only medical workers, but also a wide range of leaders and activists of trade unions are discussed. The need for the formation of skills in organizational activities among young doctors is emphasized, as well as the importance of creating libraries with methodological developments% on topical issues of medical care.
To the casuistry of foreign bodies of the larynx
Abstract
P., 17 years old, 30 / ІІІ 1978, at 6 pm, was urgently taken to the surgical department with complaints of severe pain in the pharynx and larynx, inability to swallow and move the head, increased salivation from the mouth with an admixture of blood, constant urge to cough, impaired voice formation.
Spontaneous rupture of the stomach wall
Abstract
Spontaneous complete ruptures of the stomach wall are relatively rare. Experts distinguish them into a separate group of damage to this organ. A rupture occurs most often in a wall that has lost its elasticity due to a chronic inflammatory process (ulcer, gastritis, burns, etc.) with a sharp increase in intragastric pressure. The symptomatology of the disease resembles the clinic of ulcer perforation.
Treatment of adhesive intestinal obstruction
Abstract
Of the 896 patients admitted to the surgical clinic of the Mordovian University in 1967-1976. for intestinal obstruction, 507 (56.6%) had adhesive intestinal obstruction or adhesive disease of the abdominal cavity. Adhesive disease of the abdominal cavity can occur at any age, but more often - from 20 to 50 years. The time elapsed from the operation to the onset of symptoms, adhesions (pain attacks), in 52 patients did not exceed 1 month, in 80 it was from 2 to 6 months, in 186 - from 6 months to 1 year, in 142 - from 1 year up to 5 years and in 47 - from 5 to 10 years or more.
Re-obstruction of the small intestine caused by trichobezoar
Abstract
Intestinal obstruction caused by trichobezoar against the background of adhesive obstruction, which has become more frequent in recent decades, is rare. Even less often, there is a relapse of trichobezoar, which caused repeated intestinal obstruction.
Bioelectrical activity of the myocardium and hemodynamic shifts during surgical operations under epidural anesthesia
Abstract
We conducted a 12-lead electrocardiographic study in 34 patients operated on under epidural anesthesia (7 men and 27 women) at various stages: 1-15 days before surgery (initial ECG); on the operating table after premedication; after the onset of anesthesia within the final limits; at the most traumatic moment of the operation; upon its completion; one day after the operation.
On indications for the use of diphenhydramine and pipolfen for the treatment of patients with peptic ulcer disease
Abstract
The dynamics of the passive hemagglutination reaction (RPHA) of the P reaction of leukocytolysis in persons suffering from peptic ulcer disease in the stage of relapse and remission was investigated. In parallel, the study of cholinergic activity and protein spectrum of blood was carried out.
Experience in serving children of the first year of life in the pediatric area
Abstract
We carried out an in-depth examination of children of the first year of life, analysis of the documentation of one of the pediatric sections of the 2nd Children's Treatment and Prophylactic Association in Kazan. In 1978, there were 936 children on the site, of which 113 were children of the first year of life, including 51 newborns.
Long-term results of treatment of closed bone fractures in children
Abstract
We studied the long-term outcomes of the treatment of closed fractures in the period from 1 to 10 years after the injury in IZ children (boys - 78, girls - 35; age: up to 3 years - 9, from 4 to 7 years - 26, from 8 to 14 years - 68 , from -15 to 16 years-10).
The role of chemotherapy drugs in the formation of resistant populations of mycobacterium tuberculosis
Abstract
The aim of the work was to select variants of mycobacterium tuberculosis with altered drug resistance under the influence of anti-tuberculosis drugs. The laboratory strain H37RV was selected by 15 passages of one colony on solid Lowenstein-Jensen medium. In the obtained genetically homogeneous variant of mycobacteria for 1012 individuals, there was not a single one resistant to rifampicin, isoniazid, streptomycin, ethionamide and ethambutol.
Prevalence of multiple sclerosis in TASSR
Abstract
In 13 city and regional VTEK TASSR, as of January 1978, 293 patients with multiple sclerosis (MC) were registered: men - 129, women - 164; age — from 22 to 85 years old; Tatars - 118, Russians - 162, Chuvashes - 9, people of other nationalities - 4.
Segmental components of cervical lordosis in degenerative lesions of the spine
Electromyography of the pelvic diaphragm, in women in neurological and gynecological practice
Permagnesium coma as a complication of magnesia therapy for eclampsia in pregnant women
Abstract
We observed a hypermignium coma in 3 patients with eclampsia complicated by acute renal failure who received magnesia therapy according to the Brovkin method. Since the clinical course of this complication in all patients was quite the same, we present an extract from one case history.
About fibrin-stabilizing properties of fallopian tubes tissues in inflammation
Abstract
The fibrin-stabilizing properties of tissues of 98 fallopian tubes were investigated. Depending on the features of the macro- and microscopic structure, all the studied material was divided into 4 groups. In the 1st gr. Tubes (29) with signs of chronic salpingitis without exacerbation, with moderately pronounced sclerosis of the walls and focal lymph-plasma-cell infiltrates, were included in the 2nd (9 tubes) - thin-walled hydrosalpinx with pronounced sclerosis and atrophy of the walls, in the 3rd ( 13 tubes) - pyosalpinx, the walls of which were edematous and infiltrated with neutrophils with an admixture of eosinophils and plasma cells. Served as control 47 unchanged pipes (4th group).
Menovazine poisoning
Abstract
12 / III 1973 between 23 and 24 hours P., 39 years old, in order to terminate pregnancy, drank about 150 ml of "fluid for rubbing joints." She fell asleep shortly thereafter, and on the morning of 13 / III, her mother discovered that she was unconscious. The ambulance doctor stated that the patient was unconscious, the pupils were constricted, and the reaction to light was sluggish. BP 110/60 mm Hg. Art. Muffled heart sounds, pulse 140 beats. in 1 min.
Hygienic assessment of the condition of stay in the sauna
Abstract
The dynamics of thermoregulatory reactions in response to staying in the hot room of the sauna and the cooling procedure in healthy people and patients with stage 1 hypertension is traced. From a hygienic point of view, the most rational conditions for staying in a sauna are substantiated (humidity and air temperature, water temperature for some types of contrast cooling).
Development of sanatorium and resort assistance to the population
Abstract
Among the tremendous successes that the order-bearing Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic has achieved over 60 years of its existence in the field of economy, industry, culture, medical services for the population, etc., one cannot fail to note the outstanding achievements in the development of health resorts, resorts and rest houses.
Professor Vladimir Pavlovich Kamchatnov
Abstract
July 19, 1980 marks the 60th anniversary of the birth of the head of the Department of Occupational Health of the Kazan Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the Medical Institute. SV Kurashov, a prominent scientist-hygienist, teacher, Honored Scientist of the TASSR, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Vladimir Pavlovich Kamchatnov.
Professor Ravil Gilmutdinovich Farkhutdinov
Abstract
November 1980 marks the 60th anniversary of his birth and 36 years of medical, scientific, pedagogical and social activities of Professor Ravil Gilmutdinovich Farkhutdinov, head of the Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases of the Bashkir Medical Institute.
Appendicitis
Abstract
The literature on appendicitis is plentiful, but despite this. each new publication, especially a fundamental one, is of great practical importance, since the extreme prevalence of the disease, even with a relatively low mortality rate (0.1-0.01%), ultimately leads to the loss of thousands of lives. The published monograph by A. A. Rusanov "Appendicitis" is based on the richest experience of the author.
Endemic goiter and its prevention
Abstract
Prevention of endemic goiter is a great hygienic problem. It is no coincidence that the authors of the book are hygienists. However, summarizing 20 years of experience in studying endemic goiter, the authors of the book do not limit themselves to its hygienic aspects, but also pay great attention to the incidence and peculiarities of the clinical and pathogenetic picture of the disease.
From the history of the Kazan physiological school
Abstract
The book under review covers the emergence and development of one of the oldest physiological schools in the country and covers the period from the founding of the university in Kazan to the present day. The authors dedicated their work to the 175th anniversary of Kazan University.
Understanding the specifics of the subject of medicine
Abstract
Among the works on the philosophical problems of medicine, published recently, this book attracts attention with an attempt to consider "the specifics of the subject of medicine as an independent branch of natural science." Clarifying the task, the author notes that “in particular, a person can be the subject of many sciences (biology, psychology, medicine, etc.), because each of them finds special laws inherent in a given object” (p. 41). According to the famous Soviet psychologist prof. BG Ananiev, “there was a promotion of man as a general problem of science”, and “medicine occupies an increasingly fundamental position” in human science [1].
Chronicle
Abstract
By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Tatar ASSR, Galim Izmail Khabibullovich, Associate Professor of the Department of Radiology, was awarded the honorary title of Honored Doctor of the Tatar ASSR for his services in the field of health care;