Surgical interventions for congenital dislocation of the hip in children

Congenital dysplasia of the hip joint is one of the most frequent musculoskeletal defects and occurs in 0.15-4.5% of newborns. This problem attracts the attention of orthopedists because of its social significance: 40-50% of adults develop osteoarthritis due to congenital dislocation of the hip. Early functional closed reduction gives good results in most cases, but in 6.1-26% of children under 3 years of age it is impossible to cure hip dislocation conservatively. Unsuccessful and, especially, repeated attempts of closed reduction cause significant damage to the hip joint and adversely affect the outcome. There is no consensus in the literature as to the optimal age for surgical intervention. While most surgeons previously considered surgical reduction in children under 2 years of age to be undesirable, recently, there have been many proponents of early surgical treatment, i.e., in the first year of a child's life.