Histomorphological changes in various rat tissues following chronic exposure to copper-zinc-pyrite ore

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Abstract

Aim. To assess the histomorphological state of lung, gastrointestinal and kidney tissues following exposure to ­copper-zinc-pyrite ore in the long-term model experiment.

Methods. The study was performed on 60 outbred albino male rats, aged 3–4 months, weighting 200±30 g. The ­toxic effect of heavy metal salts of copper-zinc-pyrite ore on the animal's body was analyzed by the model of dosed oral injection of water with ore in a dose 600 mg/kg body weight for 120 days. Pieces of the stomach, small and colon, liver, lungs and kidneys were taken from control and experimental rats for histomorphological study on the 30th, 60th, 90th and 120th day of the experiment.

Results. The structural disorders of the stomach lining were observed on the 30th day of the experiment: desquamated and dilapidated epithelial cells appeared in the preparations. On the 120th day, along with signs of epithe­lial desquamation and diffuse lymphocytic infiltration, the preparations contained large lymphoid follicles that occupy the full thickness of the gastric mucosa. The epithelial layer of the small intestine mucosa was disrupted on the 60th day. At day 120 diffuse infiltration and necrotic changes in the lining of the small intestine were recorded. Lymphomacrophagia infiltrations were observed during portal triad and inside the liver wedges of experimental ani­mals on the 30th day of the experiment. By the end of the experiment, toxic hepatocyte dystrophy developed. On the 60th day, signs of bronchopneumonia appeared in the lung tissue. After 3 months, tubulopathy and tubulointerstitial nephritis were observed in the experimental animals.

Conclusion. Prolonged administration of ore has led to pronounced inflammation and degenerative changes in the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney and lung tissues, accompanied by lymphocytic tissue reaction.

About the authors

K R Ziyakayeva

Bashkir State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: klazia@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Ufa, Russia

A F Kayumova

Bashkir State Medical University

Email: klazia@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Ufa, Russia

F A Kayumov

Bashkir State Medical University

Email: klazia@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Ufa, Russia

M Ya Fazlyakhmetova

Bashkir State Medical University

Email: klazia@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Ufa, Russia

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2. Рис. 1. Слизистая оболочка желудка: А — контроль; Б — 30-е сутки, начальная стадия десквамации эпителия; В — 60-е сутки, слущенные эпителиоциты на поверхности слизистой оболочки; Г — 120-е сутки, десквамация эпителия, инфильтрация слизистой оболочки лимфоидными клетками. Окраска гематоксилином и эозином. Микрофотография. Окуляр ×10, объектив ×40

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3. Рис. 2. Тонкая кишка: А — контроль; Б — 60-е сутки, скопление лимфоцитов между криптами; В — 90-е сутки, лимфоидная инфильтрация слизистой оболочки; Г — 120-е сутки, формирование лимфоидных фолликулов и признаки некроза. Окраска гематоксилином и эозином. Микрофотография. Окуляр ×10, объектив ×40

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4. Рис. 3. Печень: А — контроль; Б — 60-е сутки, гидропическая дистрофия печени; В — 90-е сутки, полнокровие синусоидных капилляров и жировая дистрофия гепатоцитов; Г — 120-е сутки, очаговая гиперемия внутридольковых синусоидных капилляров, признаки аутолиза и некроза гепатоцитов. Окраска гематоксилином и эозином. Микрофотография. Окуляр ×10, объектив ×40

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5. Рис. 4. Лёгкие: А — контроль; Б — 30-е сутки, очаговая инфильтрация лейкоцитами интерстициальной ткани; В — 60-е сутки, десквамация эпителия бронхов, инфильтрация их стенок лимфоцитами; Г — 120-е сутки, выраженная инфильтрация интерстициальной ткани и кровеносных сосудов лимфоцитами и макрофагами. Окраска гематоксилином и эозином. Микрофотография. Окуляр ×10, объектив ×40

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6. Рис. 5. Почки: А — контроль; Б — 30-е сутки, венозная гиперемия в зоне почечных канальцев; В 60-е сутки, коллоидоподобное содержимое в канальцах нефрона почек; Г — 120-е сутки, цилиндры в почечных канальцах. Окраска гематоксилином и эозином. Микрофотография. Окуляр ×10, объектив ×40

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© 2020 Ziyakayeva K.R., Kayumova A.F., Kayumov F.A., Fazlyakhmetova M.Y.

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