Alterations of phospholipid fractions in patients with HIV/tuberculosis coinfection under different treatment regimens
- Authors: Kravchenko I.E.1, Makarov P.V.2, Starikov S.V.2, Nozdrevatykh O.V.2, Chaynikova E.A.2
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Affiliations:
- Kazan State Medical University
- Tver State Medical University
- Issue: Vol 106, No 2 (2025)
- Pages: 165-171
- Section: Theoretical and clinical medicine
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/kazanmedj/article/view/292213
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/KMJ654022
- ID: 292213
Cite item
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Alterations in phospholipid fraction balance represent one of the mechanisms underlying lipid metabolism disorders in HIV infection.
AIM: To investigate the dynamics of phospholipid fractions in patients with HIV/tuberculosis coinfection undergoing monotherapy with antitubercular agents versus combined antiretroviral and anti-tuberculosis therapy.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A comparative study of phospholipid fractions (sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine, lysophospholipids, phosphatidylethanolamine) was conducted using chromatography in two groups of patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis: Group 1 (100 patients) received tuberculosis chemotherapy (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol), while Group 2 (100 patients) received antiretroviral therapy (tenofovir, lamivudine, efavirenz) alongside treatment with antitubercular agents. The control group consisted of 50 healthy individuals. CD4 lymphocyte counts and HIV RNA viral load were measured in all patients. Assessments were performed before treatment initiation and after 1 and 2 months of therapy. Statistical analysis was conducted using parametric methods, with differences considered significant at p <0.05.
RESULTS: Before treatment initiation, both groups of patients with HIV/tuberculosis coinfection had higher levels of sphingomyelin, lysophospholipids, and phosphatidylcholine compared to healthy individuals (p=0.001). In Group 1, receiving only anti-tuberculosis therapy, levels of sphingomyelin, lysophospholipids, and phosphatidylcholine significantly increased (p=0.001), with no change in the number of patients exhibiting bacterial shedding. In Group 2, after one month of antiretroviral therapy combined with anti-tuberculosis treatment, levels of sphingomyelin, lysophospholipids, and phosphatidylcholine decreased below those of the control group (p=0.001). A significant reduction in patients with bacterial shedding was observed (from 100% to 18%, p=0.001).
CONCLUSION: In the group of patients receiving combined antiretroviral and anti-tuberculosis therapy, a reduction in sphingomyelin and lysophospholipid levels was observed, along with a decrease in the number of patients exhibiting bacterial shedding.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Irina E. Kravchenko
Kazan State Medical University
Author for correspondence.
Email: kravchencoie@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4408-7542
SPIN-code: 2831-7593
MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Depart. Infectious Diseases
Russian Federation, 49 Butlerova st, Kazan, 420012Pavel V. Makarov
Tver State Medical University
Email: global-create@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2268-5533
SPIN-code: 5176-1462
Ass. Prof., Depart. Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology
Russian Federation, TverSergey V. Starikov
Tver State Medical University
Email: starikov.s69@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-3521-053X
SPIN-code: 9265-5175
MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Prof., Depart. Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology
Russian Federation, TverOleg V. Nozdrevatykh
Tver State Medical University
Email: lotos-223@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-3658-7727
SPIN-code: 1968-5093
MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Prof., Depart. Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology
Russian Federation, TverElena A. Chaynikova
Tver State Medical University
Email: lepasch@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-8073-7411
SPIN-code: 8910-5384
MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Ass. Prof., Depart. Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology
Russian Federation, TverReferences
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