Improvement of approaches to the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus in children and adolescents using modern laser technologies
- Authors: Sibirskaya E.V.1,2,3, Karachentsova I.V.1,2, Melenchuk I.A.2, Nikiforova P.O.1,2, Anisimova K.V.1
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Affiliations:
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
- Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital, branch of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
- Russian University of Medicine
- Issue: Vol 74, No 3 (2025)
- Pages: 55-64
- Section: Original study articles
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/jowd/article/view/310792
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/JOWD677770
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ADOSZB
- ID: 310792
Cite item
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Vulvar lichen sclerosus is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis with focal atrophy of the skin and mucous membranes of the vulva, contributing to perineal deformity. Diagnosis includes anamnesis, assessment of sexual development, physical examination of the external genitalia, vaginoscopy, vulvoscopy, bacteriological and cytological studies of vaginal smears, biopsy, and assessment of the hormonal profile. Treatment includes local therapy with topical corticosteroids (first-line therapy), laser therapy (diode, erbium, fractional CO2 lasers), and injections of platelet-rich plasma to regenerate damaged tissues and mucous membranes.
AIM: The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of treatment with laser destruction methods and therapy with topical corticosteroids in girls aged 3–15 years with various forms of vulvar lichen sclerosus.
METHODS: Photo destruction was performed using Medilas D (Dornier MedTech GmbH, Germany) with wavelengths of 940 nm and 635 nm at minimum power in pulsed modes. Estriol and dexpanthenol were used for therapy with topical corticosteroids. Changes in the size of lesions, the disappearance of cracks, depigmentation, angiomatosis, and a decrease in itching, burning, and edema were evaluated. The purpose of the treatment was to eliminate dryness, improve the trophism of tissues and mucous membranes of the vulva, and stimulate local immunity.
This study included 90 patients aged 3–15 years, who were divided into 3 groups of 30 individuals, with 10 patients with one of three treatment options in each group. We assessed the treatment of the atrophic form in group 1, the erosive-ulcerative form in group 2, and the erythematous-edematous form in group 3.
RESULTS: Analysis of the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus revealed the greatest effectiveness of phototherapy with a 940 nm diode laser, with clinical manifestations improved (decreased dryness, itching, discoloration of the mucous membranes, decreased depigmentation, increased skin elasticity). The use of a 635 nm laser showed positive dynamics, but to a lesser extent. The use of local therapy with topical corticosteroids noted a slight change, the condition of the mucous membranes remained almost unchanged, and the number of bleeding ulcers decreased minimally.
CONCLUSION: The data obtained revealed high efficiency of photo destruction with a 940 nm diode laser. Our findings demonstrated an improvement in the clinical picture in various forms of vulvar lichen sclerosus, including the disappearance of itching, burning, cracks, and a decrease in depigmentation and edema. Positive results reached 90%, which indicates the promise of this method of treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Elena V. Sibirskaya
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital, branch of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Russian University of Medicine
Email: elsibirskaya@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4540-6341
SPIN-code: 1356-9252
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow; MoscowIrina V. Karachentsova
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital, branch of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Email: i.karachentsova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0254-690X
SPIN-code: 6520-9747
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)
Russian Federation, Moscow; MoscowIrina A. Melenchuk
Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital, branch of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Author for correspondence.
Email: doc.melenchuk@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7267-3018
SPIN-code: 3538-2635
Russian Federation, Moscow
Polina O. Nikiforova
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital, branch of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Email: pol_nikiforova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5046-9016
SPIN-code: 7120-3165
Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow
Kristina V. Anisimova
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Email: aniskrisanisimova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0002-9507-686X
Russian Federation, Moscow
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