Vol 8, No 2 (2010)
- Year: 2010
- Articles: 9
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/ecolgenet/issue/view/295
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/ecogen82
Articles
Double Mutant Analysis of Sequential Functioning of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Genes: Sym13, Sym33 and Sym40 During Symbiotic Nodule Development
Abstract
Two double mutants carrying pea symbiotic gene pairs sym13, sym40 and sym33, sym40, respectively, were constructed using single mutants blocked at different nodule developmental stages: E135f (sym13), SGEFix–‑1 (sym40) and SGEFix–‑2 (sym33). The epistasis of the mutant allele sym40 over the mutant allele sym13 and sym33 over sym40 was shown with respect to nodule histological and ultrastructural organisation. Thus, the proposed earlier sequential functioning of genes during infection process: Sym33→Sym40→Sym13 has been confirmed.
Ecological genetics. 2010;8(2):3-8
3-8
LTS3 gene controls light-independent chlorophyll biosynthesis in green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Abstract
The genetic control of light-independent chlorophyll biosynthesis in plant cells has been investigated using Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Lts3-mutants defective in dark chlorophyll biosynthesis on the stage before protochlorophyllide to chlorophyllide conversion. In heterotrophic conditions the mutants are unable to synthesize chlorophyll and accumulate protoporphyrins, after illumination they are greening. The mutants were tested for pigment contents, activity of enzymes and expression of the genes, encoding these enzymes. The LTS3 gene has been identified by positional cloning, and the predicted LTS3 protein appeared to be a GATA transcription factor, which activate the expression of genes encoded chlorophyll biosynthesis enzymes: Mg-chelatase and glutamate 1-semialdehyde aminotransferase in the dark, and possibly, important for adaptation of plant cells for autotrophic conditions.
Ecological genetics. 2010;8(2):35-44
35-44
Assessment of a state of population gene pools of terrestrial mollusks in conditions of influence of ore dressing combines on example Bradybaena fruticum Müll. (Gastropoda, Pullmonata)
Abstract
On the basis of analysis of the morphological and genetical variability revealed by a method of gel-electrophoresis of proteins, the state of gene pools of populations of modeling species Bradybaena fruticum (a bush snails) in conditions of influence of ore dressing combines is investigated. Authentic decrease of a level of heterozygosity and decrease of an allelic diversification in researched bunches is fixed in сomparison with the control populations, caused, both natural factors, and factors of an anthropogenic parentage. The genetic-automatic processes in populations are considered and vectors of natural selection are defined. On the basis of calculation of effective number the forecast of time of existence of populations is given.
Ecological genetics. 2010;8(2):45-55
45-55
Analysis of the association of polymorphic markers of dopaminergic (DRD2/ANKK1) and serotonergic (HTR2A) systems in the brain with the personality traits of adolescents
Abstract
The studies of personality characteristic of young adolescents caused by their genetic predispositions have become very essential in recent years. In our study we have investigated the association of dopamine (D2) and serotonin (2A) receptor genes with personality traits in 360 young adults. We have found the influence of the combination of DRD2/ANKK1 and HTR2A genes on the personality traits measured on Rule-Consciousness and Self-Reliance scales in girls. The significant statistical difference on Self-control scale was established for polymorphism TaqIA of gene DRD2/ANKK1 in boys. Additionally, the differences on Social Boldness scale were observed after stratification of genotypes DRD2/ANKK1 and HTR2A.
Ecological genetics. 2010;8(2):9-17
9-17
Frequency of TCR Mutant Human Lymphocytes Depending on Genotypes by Loci of Xenobiotics Detoxication
Abstract
The results of the associative study of predisposition to an elevated somatic mutagenesis in human lymphocytes determined by the test of TCR mutant cells (CD3-CD4+phenotype) for 251 females are presented. The presence of minor alleles of polymorphic sites of CYP1A1 gene, which increase the enzyme activity, correlated with the increasing spontaneous frequency of TCR mutant cells. The analysis of gaplotypes in CYP1A1 locus (3 sites) showed that a minor gaplotype of CG sites T3801C-T606G, which had a strong effect on the parameters of somatic mutation at the frequency of around 10%, has the maximum prognostic importance relative to the studied effects.
Ecological genetics. 2010;8(2):18-23
18-23
Association of apoprotein A-1 genetic variants with atherosclerosis development in Saint-Petersburg
Abstract
Apoprotein A-1 is a major protein in antiaterogenic high density lipoproteins and it is one of key proteins regulating reverse cholesterol transport. In this study we have investigated association of APOA1 gene polymorphism with atherosclerosis development among Saint-Petersburg population. Allelic frequencies of polimorphic variants (-75)G/A and 83C/T of APOA1 gene were determined in the group of patients with angiographically proven aterosclerosis and in control group. Allele 83T of the APOA1 gene is associated with lower risk of atherosclerosis development among Saint-Petersburg population.
Ecological genetics. 2010;8(2):24-28
24-28
The comparative analysis of birth defects rates in regions of nuclear power-plants location
Abstract
The analysis of birth defects (BD) rates in regions of nuclear power-plants locations in comparison with control regions have been performed using BD monitoring database for 2000–2007 years. It has been shown that the BD rates in these regions don’t differ from BD rates in control regions, Russia Federation on the whole and some other countries. Receiving results indicate that the working of nuclear power-plants doesn’t lead to increasing of BD frequencies in these regions.
Ecological genetics. 2010;8(2):29-34
29-34
Evaluation of antigenotoxic effects of juices of plants Chelidonium majus L., Plantago major L. и Tussilago farfara L.
Abstract
The antigenotoxic effects of juices of three medicinal plants, Chelidonium majus L., Plantago major L. and Tussilago farfara L. has been studied in two bacterial tests — SOS chromotest and Rec assay. Antigenotoxic effect was determined against known genotoxic substances — nalidixic acid in SOS chromotest and furacilin in Rec assay. Preparations obtained from the leaves of Ch. majus L. exhibited significant antigenotoxic effect in both the SOS chromotest and the Rec assay. It was shown that dilution of the herb juice of T. farfara L resulted in high bioantimutagenic activity in SOS chromotest. P. major L. preparations did not display statistically significant antigenotoxic activity in the both tests used. Possible mechanisms of antigenotoxic effects of Ch. majus L. and T. farfara L. plants obtained are discussed.
Ecological genetics. 2010;8(2):56-65
56-65
100 years of symbiogenesis theory
Abstract
Konstantin Mereschkowsky suggested that the plastids originate from symbiotic cyanobacteria, and the nucleus has also originated from an endosymbiont. The hypothesis of nuclear symbiogenesis was not discussed till 1980ies. Later (Gupta et al.,1994;. Lopez-Garcia, Moreira, 2001) the data were obtained in favor of the hypothesis that the nucleus originated from an archaean captured to become an endosymbiont of a bacterial host. Short biography of Konstantin Mereschkowsky is included.
Ecological genetics. 2010;8(2):66-70
66-70