Genotoxic markers in patients with diabetes mellitus (Literature review)

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Abstract

This paper considers studies aimed at identifying markers of genotoxicity (chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei, and DNA damage assessed by the DNA comet assay) in patients with both gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and diabetes type 1 and 2 (T1DM and T2DM, respectively), as well as possible changes in the levels of these genotoxic markers under the influence of medicines and nutritions. Patients with T2DM are characterized by an increased level of genotoxicity markers. The results of genotoxicity markers in patients with T1DM and GDM studies are contradictory, however, they indicate the presence of an increased genotoxic load rather than its absence. The levels of genotoxic damage in diabetic patients may be reduced by physical exercises, diet, and/or hypoglycemic drugs. Metformin, Afobazole and Noopept are recommended for experimental and clinical studies as possible drug candidates that reduce the levels of genotoxic biomarkers in diabetic patients.

About the authors

Natalya V. Eremina

Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology

Author for correspondence.
Email: neremina@panacelalabs.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7226-5505
SPIN-code: 5224-1968

Cand. Sci. (Biol.), senior research associate

Russian Federation, 8 Baltiyskaya str., Moscow, 125315

Aliy K. Zhanataev

Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology

Email: zhanataev@academpharm.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7673-8672
SPIN-code: 7070-0510
Scopus Author ID: 6506103462

Cand. Sci. (Biol.), main researcher

Russian Federation, 8 Baltiyskaya str., Moscow, 125315

Artem A. Lisitsyn

Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology

Email: nordikal@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9597-6051
SPIN-code: 7857-1860

researcher

Russian Federation, 8 Baltiyskaya str., Moscow, 125315

Andrey D. Durnev

Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology

Email: addurnev@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0218-8580
SPIN-code: 8426-0380
Scopus Author ID: 7006060753

Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Corresponding Member of RAS

Russian Federation, 8 Baltiyskaya str., Moscow, 125315

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