Outpatient regenerative therapy of a chronic diabetic foot ulcer with exposed bone surface

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Treatment of deep chronic wounds with the bone tissue involvement against the background of lower limb atherosclerosis and diabetic foot syndrome does not fit any reasonable hospital stay duration and at the same time has no effective outpatient methods. Therapy with conditioned medium derived from human mesenchymal stem cells (CM-MSC) may be a solution for this problem.

CLINICAL CASE DESCRIPTION: Patient F., 77-year-old, arrived for an outpatient treatment of local necrosis in the area of the 1st toe of the left foot in April, 2022. The main diagnosis: Peripheral arterial disease of the lower extremities. Multifocal atherosclerosis. Occlusion of the superficial femoral and popliteal arteries, diffuse lesions of the lower leg arteries on the left. Chronic arterial insufficiency of the 4th degree. Attempts of revascularisation of the left lower limb. Limited gangrene (Wagner IV) of the 1st toe of the left foot. Associated diseases: insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus (for more than 30 years). Diabetic polyneuropathy. Diabetic foot syndrome, neurotrophic form. Local treatment was performed by the microsurgical debridement of the affected surface in combination with the method of multilayered dressings, according to the previously patented technology. The microsurgical treatment of the bone surface in the wound area was carried out with the use of CM-MSC. Positive dynamics in the form of a partial closure of the bone fragment with soft tissue was observed on the sixth month of therapy. The complete closure of the open bone fragment was observed in 12 months from the beginning of the outpatient treatment.

CONCLUSION: The developed method of treatment using CM-MSC can be effective for chronic wounds with open bone surfaces.

About the authors

Olga V. Pavlova

Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies

Author for correspondence.
Email: vasa-vasorum@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9459-7391
Russian Federation, Moscow

Vladimir A. Kalsin

Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies

Email: vkalsin@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2705-3578
SPIN-code: 1046-8801
Russian Federation, Moscow

Mikhail A. Konoplyannikov

Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies; First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Email: mkonopl@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1180-2343
SPIN-code: 9211-6391

PhD, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)

Russian Federation, Москва; Москва

Sofia M. Kuznetsova

Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies

Email: sophijka1010@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

Victor L. Baldin

Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies

Email: baldinvl@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3033-5605

MD, PhD

Russian Federation, Moscow

Yulia S. Sukhanova

Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov

Email: sukhanova.js@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1867-6813
SPIN-code: 1054-4905
Russian Federation, Moscow

Alexander V. Smirnov

Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies

Email: alvsmirnov@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3897-8306
SPIN-code: 5619-1151

MD, PhD

Russian Federation, Moscow

Vladimir P. Baklaushev

Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies; Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov; Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies; Pulmonology Scientific Research Institute

Email: baklaushev.vp@fnkc-fmba.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1039-4245
SPIN-code: 3968-2971

MD, PhD

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow; Moscow; Moscow

Yuri V. Ivanov

Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies

Email: ivanovkb83@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6209-4194
SPIN-code: 3240-4335

MD, PhD, Professor

Russian Federation, Moscow

References

  1. Miyanaga T, Haseda Y, Daizo H, et al. A perifascial areolar tissue graft with topical administration of basic fibroblast growth factor for treatment of complex wounds with exposed tendons and/or bones. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2018;57(1):104–110. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2017.08.026
  2. Magliano DJ, Boyko EJ; IDF Diabetes Atlas 10th edition scientific committee. Brussels: International Diabetes Federation; 2021. Chapter 3, Global picture. Режим доступа: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK581940/. Дата обращения: 15.04.2024.
  3. Canavan RJ, Unwin NC, Kelly WF, Connolly VM. Diabetes- and nondiabetes-related lower extremity amputation incidence before and after the introduction of better organized diabetes foot care: Continuous longitudinal monitoring using a standard method. Diabetes Care. 2008;31(3):459–463. doi: 10.2337/dc07-1159
  4. Chen SL, Chen TM, Chou TD, et al. The distally based lesser saphenous venofasciocutaneous flap for ankle and heel reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2002;110(7):1664–1672. doi: 10.1097/01.PRS.0000033025.43603.67
  5. Parodi PC, Biasio FD, Rampino E, et al. The distally-based radial fasciosubcutaneous flap for soft tissue cover of the flexor aspect of the wrist. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 2003;37(1):61–63. doi: 10.1080/alp.37.1.61.63
  6. Chen SL, Chen TM, Wang HJ. The distally based sural fasciomusculocutaneous flap for foot reconstruction. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2006;59(8):846–855. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2005.10.013
  7. Hallock GG. Free-flap coverage of the exposed Achilles tendon. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1989;83(4):710–716. doi: 10.1097/00006534-198904000-00019
  8. Ларичев А.Б., Чистяков А.Л., Комлев В.Л. Сравнительная оценка заживления раны при использовании локального лоскута и полнослойного кожного трансплантата в реконструктивно-восстановительной хирургии головы и шеи // Раны и раневые инфекции. Журнал имени проф. Б.М. Костючёнка. 2016. Т. 3, № 2. С. 37–46. [Larichev AB, Chistyakov AL, Komlev VL. Comparative assessment of wound healing by using a local flap and full-thickness skin graft in reconstructive head and neck surgery. Wounds and wound infections. The prof. B.M. Kostyuchenok journal. 2016;3(2):37–46. (In Russ).] EDN: XCNXVR doi: 10.17650/2408-9613-2016-3-2-37-46
  9. Nakamichi M, Akishima Y, Fujisawa C, et al. Basic fibroblast growth factor induces angiogenic properties of fibrocytes to stimulate vascular formation during wound healing. Am J Pathol. 2016;186(12):3201–3216. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.08.015
  10. Suzuki S, Kawai K, Ashoori F, et al. Long-term follow-up study of artificial dermis composed of outer silicone layer and inner collagen sponge. Br J Plast Surg. 2000;53(8):659–666. doi: 10.1054/bjps.2000.3426
  11. Chen X, Chen H, Zhang G. Management of wounds with exposed bone structures using an artificial dermis and skin grafting technique. Clin Plast Surg. 2012;39(1):69–75. doi: 10.1016/j.cps.2011.09.011
  12. Pittenger MF, Discher DE, Péault BM, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell perspective: Cell biology to clinical progress. NPJ Regen Med. 2019;(4):22. EDN: MXZCWM doi: 10.1038/s41536-019-0083-6
  13. Otero-Viñas M, Falanga V. Mesenchymal stem cells in chronic wounds: The spectrum from basic to advanced therapy. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle). 2016;5(4):149–163. doi: 10.1089/wound.2015.0627
  14. Heydari MB, Ghanbari-Movahed Z, Heydari M, Farzaei MH. In vitro study of the mesenchymal stem cells-conditional media role in skin wound healing process: A systematic review. Int Wound J. 2022;19(8):2210–2223. EDN: SRZLNT doi: 10.1111/iwj.13796
  15. Ma H, Siu WS, Leung PC. The potential of MSC-based cell-free therapy in wound healing: A thorough literature review. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(11):9356. EDN: YJPOQS doi: 10.3390/ijms24119356
  16. Bogatcheva NV, Coleman ME. Conditioned medium of mesenchymal stromal cells: A new class of therapeutics. Biochem (Mosc). 2019;84(11):1375–1389. EDN: ZRULLM doi: 10.1134/S0006297919110129
  17. Патент РФ на изобретение № RU2575780 C1. Павлова О.В. Способ микрохирургической обработки длительно незаживающих хронических ран. [Patent RUS № RU2575780 C1. Pavlova OV. Method of microsurgical treatment of long non-healing chronic wounds. (In Russ).] Режим доступа: https://yandex.ru/patents/doc/RU2575780C1_20160220. Дата обращения: 15.04.2024.
  18. Bates-Jensen BM, McCreath HE, Harputlu D, Patlan A. Reliability of the Bates-Jensen wound assessment tool for pressure injury assessment: The pressure ulcer detection study. Wound Repair Regen. 2019;27(4):386–395. doi: 10.1111/wrr.12714
  19. Saheli M, Bayat M, Ganji R, et al. Human mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium improves diabetic wound healing mainly through modulating fibroblast behaviors. Arch Dermatol Res. 2020;312(5):325–336. EDN: WTLEWO doi: 10.1007/s00403-019-02016-6
  20. Темнов А.А., Астрелина Т.А., Рогов К.А., и др. Исследование влияния факторов кондиционной среды, полученной при культивировании мезенхимальных стволовых клеток костного мозга, на течение тяжелых местных лучевых поражений кожи у крыс // Медицинская радиология и радиационная безопасность. 2018. № 1. С. 35–43. [Temnov AA, Astrelina TA, Rogov KA, et al. Investigation of the influence of the conditioning medium factors obtained during the cultivation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the course of severe local radiation injuries of skin in rats. Мedical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2018;(1):35–43. (In Russ).] EDN: YTGIIB doi: 10.12737/article_5a82eb9a9bbac1.67972336
  21. Montero-Vilchez T, Sierra-Sánchez Á, Sanchez-Diaz M, et al. Mesenchymal stromal cell-conditioned medium for skin diseases: A systematic review. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021;(9):654210. EDN: TQWLTX doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.654210
  22. Marofi F, Alexandrovna KI, Margiana R, et al. MSCs and their exosomes: A rapidly evolving approach in the context of cutaneous wounds therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2021;12(1):597. EDN: VKILLO doi: 10.1186/s13287-021-02662-6
  23. Therapeutic potential of stem cell conditioned medium on chronic ulcer wounds [2020 June 22]. Режим доступа: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04134676?term=NCT04134676. Дата обращения: 15.04.2024.
  24. Черепанин А.И., Павлова О.В., Кальсин В.А., и др. Клинический случай успешного применения кондиционированной клеточной среды для лечения хронической раны ампутационной культи // Клиническая практика.2022. Т. 13, № 1. С. 92–98. [Cherepanin AI, Pavlova OV, Kalsin VA, et al. Successful application of conditioned culture medium for the treatment of a chronic wound of an amputation stump: A clinical case. J Clinical Practice. 2022;13(1):92–98. (In Russ).] EDN: WTJHAW doi: 10.17816/clinpract105089

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
2. Fig. 1. Radiograph of the I toe of the affected left foot, before starting the outpatient treatment

Download (1MB)
3. Fig. 2. Appearance of the I toe of the affected left foot, before the start of the treatment

Download (1MB)
4. Fig. 3. Appearance of the I toe of the left foot, 70 days after the initial outpatient treatment

Download (1MB)
5. Fig. 4. Appearance of the I toe of the left foot, 112 days after the initial outpatient treatment

Download (1MB)
6. Fig. 5. Appearance of the wound, 5 weeks after the conditioned medium derived from human mesenchymal stem cells application on the open bone surface (centripetal granulation growth)

Download (1MB)
7. Fig. 6. Fluorescence micrographs of skin slices, and of newly formed tissue in the wound area. Immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67, the marker of dividing cells (red), DAPI to stain nuclei (blue), yellow — color marks non-specific fluorescence. Some Ki-67-positive cells are marked with an arrow

Download (1MB)
8. Fig. 7. Therapy results: wound appearance, 7 months after the initial outpatient treatment (а); wound appearance, 12 months after the initial outpatient treatment (б–г)

Download (1MB)
9. Fig. 8. Computed tomography (а) of the right foot (healthy) and (б) left foot (affected), after the treatment

Download (1MB)

Copyright (c) 2024 Eco-Vector

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies