Efficiency of Transarterial Chemoembolization with Drug-Eluting Microspheres in the Treatment of Metastatic and Primary Liver Tumors

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Abstract

Background: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is coming into use in the treatment of liver tumors, with drug-eluting microspheres as one of the technique variations. However, at the moment there are no systematic studies that would answer the questions: what is the role of the method in the treatment regimen for patients with primary and metastatic liver tumor and at what stage should it be used? Aim: to evaluate the effectiveness of transarterial chemoembolization with drug-eluting microspheres for the treatment of metastatic and primary malignant liver tumors at different stages of the disease. Methods: We performed а retrospective observational uncontrolled study of 65 patients with liver metastases (Group 1), and 10 patients with primary malignant liver tumors (Group 2), who underwent 102 operations of transarterial chemoembolization with drug-eluting microspheres. To plan transarterial chemoembolization and evaluate its effectiveness, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were used every 8–9 weeks during the treatment. Results: After two transarterial chemoembolization controls, Group 1 included 51 responders (79%) and 14 non-responders (21%). Among the responders by the 16th week there was a decrease in the volume of the tumor mass in the liver from 12.4 [4.7; 24.6] to 5.2 cm3 [2; 15.5] for colorectal cancer, from 26 [18; 35] to 19 cm3 [13; 25] for neuroendocrine cancer, from 12 [4; 20] to 4 cm3 [0.6; 9] for adenocarcinomas of different localizations. There was no progression in Group 2, while, by week 16, there was a decrease in the tumor volume from 142 [51; 206] to 68 cm3 [23; 185] for hepatocellular carcinoma, from 465 [330; 600] to 187 cm3 [137;237] for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. With repeated transarterial chemoembolization, a decrease in the volume of the tumor mass was also noted, while the time without progression decreased from 303 [170; 369] to 180 [105; 225] days in Group 1, from 266 [200; 367] to 120 [62; 215] days in Group 2. Conclusions: Transarterial chemoembolization with drug-eluting microspheres is an effective treatment for primary and metastatic liver tumors. It should be considered as a palliative therapy, which allows achieving a good antitumor response at different stages of cancer.

About the authors

Elena A. Zvezdkina

The Skobelkin Research and Practical Centre for Laser Medicine

Author for correspondence.
Email: zvezdkina@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0277-9455
SPIN-code: 8428-4518

MD, PhD, Research Associate

Russian Federation, Moscow

Anna G. Kedrova

Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies; Academy of Postgraduate Education — Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies; E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center

Email: kedrova.anna@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1031-9376
SPIN-code: 3184-9760

MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow; Novosibirsk

Dmitry P. Lebedev

Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies

Email: lebedevdp@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1551-3127
SPIN-code: 4770-5722
Russian Federation, Moscow

Sergey E. Krasilnikov

E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center

Email: krasilnikov_s@meshalkin.ru
Scopus Author ID: 24461871200
Russian Federation, Novosibirsk

Tatevic A. Greyan

Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies; Academy of Postgraduate Education — Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies

Email: tatev111@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4118-3002
SPIN-code: 6952-4709
Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Dmitry N. Panchenkov

The Skobelkin Research and Practical Centre for Laser Medicine; Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies; Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov

Email: dnpanchenkov@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8539-4392
SPIN-code: 4316-4651
Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow; Moscow

Yulia A. Stepanova

Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov; A.V. Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery

Email: stepanovaua@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2348-4963
SPIN-code: 1288-6141
Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

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Supplementary files

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1. JATS XML
2. Fig. 1. Study design.

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3. Fig. 2. Change in the total volume of metastatic liver damage (cm3) with different histological types of tumors in Group 1.

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4. Fig. 3. A 28-year-old female patient with neuroendocrine cancer of the small intestine, the primary focus has not been removed: Magnetic resonance imaging in the DW Iregime before transarterial chemoembolization (а) demonstrates multiple focal lesions of the liver (the control focus is indicated by an arrow); 16 weeks after transarterial chemoembolization (б), the regression of some of the foci, and a decrease in the size of the control lesion (arrow) are noted; 4 years after repeated transarterial chemoembolization (в), the complete regression of lesions had not been achieved, the control lesion decreased by 80% (arrow), there was no progression.

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5. Fig. 4. Dynamics of the time without progression after the first and repeated transarterial chemoembolization in Group 1.

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6. Fig. 5. Change in the total volume of primary liver tumors (cm3) with different histological types in Group 2.

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7. Fig. 6. Dynamics of the time without progression after the first and repeated transarterial chemoembolization in Group 2.

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