冲击爆炸波导致的轻度颅脑损伤和爆震伤的临床-仪器特征
- 作者: Nikishin V.O.1, Litvinenko I.V.2, Tsygan N.V.1, Odinak M.M.2, Naumov K.M.2, Golokhvastov S.Y.2, Ivolgin A.F.3, Zhirnova T.T.4
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隶属关系:
- Military medical academy
- Military Medical Academy
- National Medical Research Center for High Medical Technologies — A.A. Vishnevsky Central Military Clinical Hospital, Ministry of Defense
- 1602 military clinical hospital
- 期: 卷 43, 编号 4 (2024)
- 页面: 429-438
- 栏目: Original articles
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/RMMArep/article/view/275785
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/rmmar636609
- ID: 275785
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背景。颅脑创伤广泛存在,对健康和经济产生了重大影响。每年约有6900万人遭遇颅脑损伤,包括交通事故和军事冲突。一些研究显示,约20%的从伊拉克和阿富汗归来的退伍军人患有轻度颅脑损伤。2001至2018年间,83%的住院患者为轻度颅脑损伤。颅脑损伤的病理生理过程包括轴突丧失和脱髓鞘作用,导致神经网络功能受损,表现为不稳、认知能力下降及心理变化。不稳的原因可能与前庭系统、传导通路、小脑及皮层分析器的损伤有关,可通过现代神经影像技术检测。使用力学平台的稳定测量是一种有前景的轻度颅脑损伤诊断方法,有助于平衡功能的评估。
研究目的。确定因冲击爆炸波导致的轻度颅脑损伤和爆震伤的临床-仪器特征,以及两者合并时 的特征。
材料和方法。本研究共选取了66名18至56岁(平均年龄38.28±9.98岁)的受冲击爆炸波影响的患者,其中28名(42.4%)为轻度颅脑损伤患者(组1),21名(31.8%)为单纯爆震伤患者(组2), 17名(25.8%)为轻度颅脑损伤合并爆震伤患者(组3)。评估内容包括年龄、慢性病史、神经系统状况、神经心理学测试、稳定测量、CT和MRI。数据统计使用MS Excel 2019和STATISTICA 12软件进行分析。
结果。轻度颅脑损伤和爆震伤的诊断依据临床指南。组1和组3的所有患者在神经系统状态上显示弥散性器质性症状,而组2患者中观察到少量暂时性神经症状。神经心理学测试显示组3的成绩显著低于组1和组2(p < 0.05)。稳定测量表明,组3在整体压力中心速度和静态运动图面积上的指标在睁眼和闭眼状态下均显著差于其他组(p < 0.05)。MRI检查(包括SWI/SWAN序列)未发现研究组的脑实质中存在弥散性微出血。
结论。轻度颅脑损伤合并爆震伤的主要特征包括显著的姿势不稳、稳定测量指标受损以及认知功能的下降。
作者简介
Vasiliy O. Nikishin
Military medical academy
编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: vo1009@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0009-1239-9796
SPIN 代码: 9295-5923
Scopus 作者 ID: 57202361039
Researcher ID: JFK-5264-2023
MD
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgIgor' V. Litvinenko
Military Medical Academy
Email: litvinenkoiv@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8988-3011
SPIN 代码: 6112-2792
Scopus 作者 ID: 35734354000
Researcher ID: F-9120-2013
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgNikolay V. Tsygan
Military medical academy
Email: 1860n@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5881-2242
SPIN 代码: 1006-2845
Scopus 作者 ID: 37066611200
Researcher ID: H-9132-2016
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgMiroslav M. Odinak
Military Medical Academy
Email: odinak@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7314-7711
SPIN 代码: 1155-9732
Scopus 作者 ID: 7003327776
Researcher ID: I-6024-2016
Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgKonstantin M. Naumov
Military Medical Academy
Email: naumov_k@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7039-2423
SPIN 代码: 3996-2007
Scopus 作者 ID: 8390739200
Researcher ID: I-8567-2016
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgSergey Yu. Golokhvastov
Military Medical Academy
Email: golokhvastov@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5316-4832
SPIN 代码: 2515-2435
Scopus 作者 ID: 35795190600
Researcher ID: J-4237-2016
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgAleksander F. Ivolgin
National Medical Research Center for High Medical Technologies — A.A. Vishnevsky Central Military Clinical Hospital, Ministry of Defense
Email: aivolgin@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8849-680X
SPIN 代码: 3853-0450
Scopus 作者 ID: 57211353929
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)
俄罗斯联邦, MoscowTatiana T. Zhirnova
1602 military clinical hospital
Email: zhirnova.t.t@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0009-0604-3953
MD
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