PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF THE HEART IN PULMONARY DISEASES

The actuality of the research topic is related to the prevalence of respiratory diseases worldwide. According to WHO, statistics on respiratory diseases in the world account for 40% of the total incidence, and therefore they are considered the most common. Patients with severe pulmonary pathologies die more often due to the cardiac mechanism of death. Lung diseases of various etiologies can lead to pathological changes in the heart, which affects the course and outcome of the disease. Identifying regularities and variability of cardiovascular pathology in respiratory diseases is important in clinical practice, prevention of their severe complications and treatment. The aim of the research was to study the morphological changes that occur in the heart in lung diseases and the factors that influence them. The protocols of pathoanatomic studies of patients with respiratory system pathologies were analyzed. Cases were divided into 3 groups: acute and chronic inflammatory, oncological processes in the lungs. Morphological changes in the heart in acute pulmonary diseases are: cardiomyocyte dystrophy, myocarditis, serous or fibrinous exudative pericarditis in combination. In cases of chronic diffuse lung diseases, there was a change in the heart phenotype according to the type of "pulmonary" heart with severe right ventricular hypertrophy and myocarditis with myocardial dystrophy when the disease worsened. In malignant lung tumors, myocardial dystrophy, hydropericardium, hemotamponade. It should be noted that hypertrophy of the left ventricle is expressed to varying degrees, which is caused by arterial hypertension in 28% of cases, which in combination with atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries leads to hypoxia and potentiates the development of heart failure.

lung disease, pneumonia, chronic diffuse lung diseases, lung cancer, pathomorphology of the heart, myocardial dystrophy, myocarditis, myocardial hypertrophy