Vol 1, No 2 (2020)

Scholar’sand mythological historical narratives coexist independently, but now they have been increasingly confused. To find ways to compare them and highlight the properties which distinguish them, weturn to P. Ricoeur'sconcept of triple mimesis. Narratives are cognitive tools, so they are almost omnipresent. Since there is nothing in the narrative that would distinguish one type from another, it is necessary to pay attention to how they function, to the ways of representing reality that use different types of narratives. For this, the article uses the concept of P. Ricoeur'smimetic circle, which takes into account not only the narrative dimension itself, but also its “depth”, the degree of approximation to reality.

The purpose of the paper is to identify common theses supposedly shared by Parmenides and Zeno of Elea. In order to achieve this goal, weshow that an alternative interpretation of the aporia from 29 B 1 DK is possible, in which wedon’tdeal with an infinite division of an extended being, butwe deal with a regression of relations of an arbitrary type. These relations are connecting an arbitrary type of constituents of a complex object. In this case, the aporia proves the impossibility of a complex object of any type, not just the impossibility of an extended object. Finally, weshow that interpreted in this way Zeno’sreasoning from 29 B 1 DK, and appropriately interpreted Parmenides’ proofs of the unity of being in 28 B 8 DK can be treated as based on a holistic assumption. This enables usto assert that Zeno was the successor of Parmenides, not only in the sense that hewas indirectly proving Parmenides’ thesis of the unity of being, but also in the sense that hewas using a statement that Parmenides could imply.

The article considers analytic phenomenology of time as a most hopeful way for studying temporal structure of consciousness. In order to demonstrate advantage of this area webriefly outline the main methods of research of time consciousness and time perception, clarify connection between analytic philosophy and phenomenology and turn to contemporary research of temporal consciousness structure. We can mention F. Varela, S. Gallagher, E. Pöppel, H. Maturana, E. Knyazeva as proponents of analytic phenomenology, who have already performed outstanding results. Thus, it is through the analytic phenomenology of time wecan study temporal structure of consciousness using logical methods, system and analytical approach without excluding phenomenological and neurophenomenological researches.

The polemic about the realism of H. Putnam and R. Rorty is a remarkable event of the 20th century for a number of reasons. Forming within the analytical philosophy, and using the most relevant concepts and ideas of this direction as arguments, this polemic for almost three decades of its existence balanced on the border with relativism, the least popular and admited direction of philosophy of the 20th century. Putnam'sarguments against metaphysical realism reject any "point of view of God", entail "internalism", accept the concept of incommensurability of conceptual schemes and the relativization the reality described by the epistemic agent to his experience. Rorty'sarguments reject not only relativism, but also realism, but his concepts of ethnocentrism and solidarity also take the view that the standards of truth correlate with the conceptual schemes, are "sociologized" and meet the interests of the majority. J. Margolis find in this polemic not only a retreat into relativism, but also recognized its pragmatistic potential, which gave him the opportunity to defend relativism, proposing its reliable (robust) version and building a neo-pragmatist philosophy on the development of the arguments of both sides.

The article is devoted to the consideration of the neostoicism of Justus Lipsius (1547–1606) in order to show that there is a set of reasons for the renovation and institutionalization of any philosophical school: the historical context, education, community, personality and biography of its leader. As for Justus Lipsius, a philologist and publisher of ancient texts (Tacitus, Seneca), the following factors influenced. Since Lipsius lived in turbulent times (the 16th century was marked by the Reformation and religious wars), hecould not help but pay attention to Stoic philosophy, designed to give peace of mind in an unsettled world. Lipsius received an excellent education at a Jesuit college and at two universities – Cologne and Louvain. He was instilled in a love of ancient literature during his education, which predetermined his work. He was an outstanding person by nature and was formed in the university environment and in the intellectual circles of his time. He was, for instance, a member of the Familists, whose founder taught, among other things, the permissibility of changing denominations. Lipsius’sinterpretation of the Stoic doctrine suggests that the Stoics came closest to Christianity, unlike other ancient philosophers. All these factors determined the revival of Stoicism in the 16th century.

Based on the materials of field research of ethnolocal communities of Tatars living compactly in rural areas of the Novosibirsk region the features of their economic adaptation to the processes of social modernization are considered. The characteristics of the main elements of the modern life support system are given, and the regularities of its transformation are revealed. It is concluded that the basic principle of formation of life support systems in rural ethno-local communities of Tatars at the present stage is the diversification of economic practices. It manifests itself as a combination of the maximum number of available modern and traditional practices, which allows the community to adapt to regularly changing conditions. At the same time, the entire structure of economic practices is in the process of continuous transformation.

The article is devoted to the problem of functioning of private universities in society, determining their place in the educational process. A parallel is drawn with the work of private educational institutions in the United States, which have a glorious history of development dating back to the XVII century. The author of the article relies on the analysis of special literature on this issue, identifies success factors of American universities and “failure factors” of private universities in Yakutia, and also refers to a large-scale sociological study of graduates of the M. K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University. Research conducted under his leadership (Yakutsk, 469 respondents, 2016, 2017, 2018). The Author concludes that the history of private universities in Russia, which began in the 90s of the twentieth century, is quite dramatic. Branches of the capital'sprivate universities operating in the province are at the greatest disadvantage today. The current situation requires a detailed sociological analysis, a comparative analysis of the performance of public and private universities and identification of the pros and cons of non-state universities on this basis, in order to develop recommendations for correcting the situation.

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the spread of Buddhism, Christianity and Islam among the Turkic-Mongol peoples that have originally professed Tengrism. Contemporary revival of Tengrism manifests itself both institutionally (via state and public support) and in everyday practice as the continuation of a living cultural tradition that has been passed down from generation to generation for a millennia and has been seen as a worldview, a way of life and a life guidance. The author concludes that Tengrism has ensured preservation of identity, stability and integrity of the Turkic-Mongolian world within the phenomenon of dual faith, while the spread of Buddhism, Christianity and Islam have set the dynamics of its development on the basis of intercivilizational interaction.