Increase the yield of industrial crops due to bionutrients

Background. The article is devoted to the search for effective ways of a reasonable approach to the chemicalization of agriculture, which will increase crop yields without increasing the doses of applied mineral fertilizers and pesticides. The materials of the analysis and generalization of the results of long-term studies of bionutrients safe for humans and animals synthesized using the triethanolammonium salt of orthocresoxyacetic acid and 1-chloromethylsilatran are presented. The conducted studies have shown that it is possible to achieve high yields of industrial crops that do not depend on the constantly increasing values of mineral fertilizers and pesticides introduced into the soil. An increase in sugar beet yield of up to 20% is recorded when processing seeds and fruiting plants with bionutrients. This is due to an increase in germination energy, and, as a result, seed germination improves. At the same time, the sugar content in plants increases by 0.7 ...1% without the use of additional doses of mineral fertilizers. A similar effect was obtained on sunflower: the yield increase was 18...20%. the weight of seeds from one basket and the weight of 1000 seeds and their oil content increased. Bionutrients restrained the spread of fungal diseases, which makes it possible to reduce or eliminate the use of pesticides. Thus, silatrans and other organosilicon compounds can become important components of agricultural technologies that do not harm the ecosystem, but can improve metabolic processes in plant organisms, increase the efficiency of using nutrients from mineral fertilizers and reducedependence on pesticides used in agriculture.

Purpose. Purpose of the present study is to increase the yield of industrial crops using bionutrients.

Materials and methods. Let’s consider the effectiveness of the use of 1-chloromethylsilatran and triethanolammonium salt of orthocresoxyacetic acid with auxin activity as independent bionutrients and in combination with each other. The research methodology is based on the analysis and generalization of materials from field experiments conducted in different regions of the Russian Federation on industrial crops (sugar beet and sunflower). Bionutrients were used in the form of solutions for the treatment of seeds and vegetative plants, both individually and in combination.

Further, to simplify, we denote the bionutrient 1-chloromethylsilatran with the letter C, the triethanolammonium salt of orthocresoxyacetic acid with the letter T, and their combinations.

Results. An economic assessment using the example of wheat has shown that the use of bionutrients to increase yields instead of increasing the applied doses of mineral fertilizers can reduce the cost of production and increase business profitability. And this is already an effective incentive for the revision of traditional crop production technologies and the transition to the reasonable use of agrochemistry, reducing the cost of fertilizers that are not involved in the formation of an economically useful part of the crop.

Conclusion. The results of the assessment of the possibility of a reasonable approach to the chemicalization of agriculture while increasing crop yields due to bionutrients safe for humans and animals based on organosilicon compounds 1-chloromethylsilatran and a substance with auxin activity – triethanolammonium salt of orthocresoxyacetic acid, showed a real prospect of minimizing doses of mineral fertilizers and pesticides. In particular, it was found that beet yields increased by 14...18%, and sugar content – by 0.7... 1% without the use of additional doses of mineral fertilizers.

A similar effect was obtained on sunflower: the yield increase was 18...20%. the weight of seeds from one basket and the weight of 1000 seeds and their oil content increased. Bionutrients restrained the spread of fungal diseases.

Thus, silatrans and other organosilicon compounds can become important components of agricultural technologies that do not harm the ecosystem, but can improve metabolic processes in plant organisms, increase the efficiency of using nutrients from mineral fertilizers and reduce dependence on pesticides used in agriculture.