Influence of stress factors on crustacean gene expression

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Background. This review systematizes current scientific data on the influence of abiotic (pH, temperature, hypoxia, ammonia, nitrite) and biotic (viral and bacterial infections) stress factors on gene expression in crustaceans of the order Decapoda. Molecular responses affecting key functional groups of genes associated with immunity, osmoregulation, antioxidant defense, chitin metabolism, and cellular homeostasis are analyzed. Stress-induced changes in gene expression are complex, tissue-specific, and time-dependent, representing key adaptive mechanisms. The results of this analysis have important practical implications for aquaculture, opening up prospects for identifying molecular markers of stress resistance and developing strategies for optimizing the maintenance conditions of commercially important species.

Purpose. This review aims to systematize and analyze current scientific data on the influence of abiotic (such as pH, temperature, hypoxia, ammonia, nitrites) and biotic (viral and bacterial infections) stress factors on expression of genes associated with immunity, osmoregulation, antioxidant defense, chitin metabolism and cellular homeostasis in crustaceans of the order Decapoda.

Materials and methods. The research was conducted in the scientific research laboratory “Center of Agrobiotechnology” of the Don State Technical University in 2024-2025.

Results. Complex changes in the expression of key genes regulating immunity, osmoregulation, antioxidant protection, chitin metabolism, and cellular homeostasis have been identified. It has been shown that these tissue-specific and time-dependent changes in expression are the central mechanism of the adaptive response to stress.

Conclusion. An analysis of current scientific data has allowed us to systematize information on the influence of abiotic and biotic stress factors on gene expression in crustaceans, particularly in members of the order Decapoda. It has been established that changes in key environmental parameters (such as temperature, pH, ammonia and nitrite concentrations) and exposure to pathogens (viruses, bacteria) trigger complex molecular responses affecting genes associated with immunity, osmoregulation, antioxidant defense, chitin metabolism, and cellular homeostasis.

About the authors

Daniil Yu. Kovalchuk

Don State Technical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: cool.d4niil@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-8670-9307
SPIN-code: 2746-6218

student

 

Russian Federation, 1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344000, Russian Federation

Diana S. Sarkisyan

Don State Technical University

Email: dengorden00@mail.ru
SPIN-code: 8500-8112

student

 

Russian Federation, 1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344000, Russian Federation

Enkrina E. Cholutaeva

Don State Technical University

Email: cholutaevaa@mail.ru

student

 

Russian Federation, 1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344000, Russian Federation

Victoria N. Shevchenko

Don State Technical University

Email: vikakhorosheltseva@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5001-4959
SPIN-code: 5860-1478

Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher of the Research laboratory “Agrobiotechnology Center”

 

Russian Federation, 1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344000, Russian Federation

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