History of the development of Russian pediatric neurourology. To the 80th anniversary of Professor Evgeny Leonidovich Vishnevsky

Neurogenic bladder, which is accompanied by urinary incontinence and causes numerous complications resulting in chronic kidney disease, is one of the most severe consequences of malformations and spinal injuries in children. They limit the child’s ability to live, even to the point of total disability, and the problem of impaired bladder emptying has no universal solution. The staff of the Department of Pediatric Urology of the Moscow Research Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Surgery of the Russian Ministry of Health started working on the strategy of urinary tract function recovery in children more than 50 years ago, and the main inspirer and ideologist of the whole pleiad of scientists was E.L. Vishnevsky. For the first time, separate developments in the treatment and socialisation of spinal patients were brought together in a unified system of medical care, which remains relevant today. E.L. Vishnevsky initiated the creation of the unique scientific and practical centre «Pathology of Urinary Drainage» on the basis of Speransky Children’s City Clinical Hospital №9. Under the leadership of E.L. Vishnevsky defended 15 candidate theses and 5 doctoral theses. Evgeny Leonidovich is an author of 10 inventions, 180 scientific publications, including 7 monographs. On the initiative of E.L. Vishnevsky and with his direct support similar centres were established by his students and associates in Vladivostok, Omsk, Petrozavodsk and Kazan. Having unquestionable authority in this field, E.L. Vishnevsky has forever remained a classic of the national school of pediatric neurourology, which has no equals in the world.