Legal status of climate refugees

in the context of global climate change, accompanied by an increase in extreme weather events and rising sea levels, the problem of forced displacement is becoming increasingly urgent. Millions of people around the world are forced to leave their homes due to the consequences of climate change, such as droughts, floods, desertification, and other natural disasters. This article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the complex and multifaceted problem of the legal status of climate refugees, which requires immediate attention and coordinated action by the international community. The purpose of the article is to analyze the existing legal framework governing the status of climate refugees and to identify its gaps and shortcomings. The objectives of the study are: to examine the problem of the lack of a single definition of the concept of "climate refugee"; to analyze the debatable issue of the applicability to climate migrants of the provisions of the 1951 Refugee Convention; to assess the effectiveness of existing international legal regulation in the field of protection of persons forcibly displaced as a result of climate change; to analyze the practical measures taken by states to address the problem of climate migration. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of real measures taken by states, including the development of national climate change adaptation strategies, resettlement programs, and assistance systems. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using its results to develop effective legal mechanisms for the protection of climate refugees, as well as to formulate national and international strategies for managing climate migration.

climate refugees, environmental migrants, climate migrants, climate change, climate migration, environmental problems