A study of Afghan society during the last ten years of Mohammad Zahir Shah's rule (Zahir Shah's Decade of Democracy)

the article examines Afghan society in the last ten years of Mohammad Zahir Shah's rule, or the decade of democracy of the Zahir Shahi era (from 1963 to 1973). Initially, the topic included the political, social and cultural events of that period, the adoption of a new constitution and the emergence of various political parties seeking to revive democratic values and human rights. The results of this study then reveal the problems and opportunities that existed at that time. During this period, economic and social reforms, an increase in the level of education and political awareness of young people, as well as an improvement in the atmosphere of freedom of speech were noticeable; however, growing public discontent, political corruption and economic problems quickly weakened the foundations of public administration. The article shows that despite efforts to institutionalize democracy, the lack of response to the basic needs of the people and the inability to manage crises led to political and social instability and eventually to the fall of the government of Mohammad Zahir Shah.

A decade of democracy, Afghan society, Zahir Shah's rule, opportunities and challenges