Vol 52, No 4 (2024)

In the modern world, features of deglobalization have manifested themselves, but the tasks of cooperation ties remain relevant. Configurations of value production chains can change while maintaining the relevance of this ideology.

Aim. To analyze and identify the role of "organizational abilities" as a factor in ensuring a competitive advantage in resolving the issue of cooperative interactions. The case is considered for medium-sized businesses, which is flexibly embedded in customized value chains for any current time period. The theoretical basis of the study was the concepts of "dynamic abilities" and "dynamic development," connected into a single logic. Content analysis methods were used to study the phases of organizational development of production enterprises within a small and extended cycle and crises of transition by cycle phases. Logical graphs were built on the basis of data from a questionnaire survey of employees of enterprises, which made it possible to demonstrate the solution to the problem of overcoming the crisis at different phases. As a key result, basic organizational documents (regulations) are discussed as the most important element of the organization business culture, ensuring its competitiveness when embedded in the external value chain.

Recently, the social transformations have occurred more frequently due to changes in the world such as the crisis caused by COVID-19, and ongoing social tensions caused by income gap, and changes in traditional values under the influence of digitalization of all spheres of life. The article covers issues of place and role of mining companies, ESG-transformation, the social values creation and the social expenditures in the system of social risk protection of the Northern regions of Russia. Theoretical approaches were analyzed to understand the process of design social risk protecting strategies with the focus not only on the micro-level of firms or companies, but on the meso-level of a region and description of social issues which have arisen in a region. Literature review shows that companies operated play a significant role in the risk protection systems of the territory where they operate. In turn, the place of social values in the system of risk protection is determined by the stage of transformation period. The analysis of corporate social activities is made on companies contributed the most to the economic development of the Northern region such as «Karelsky Okatysh» (the subsidiary of Public Joint Stock Company (PJSC) «Severstal»), Public Joint Stock Company «ALROSA» (hereinafter PJSC «ALROSA») and its subsidiary company “Severalmaz”, Limited liability company «LUKOIL-Komi» (hereinafter LLC «LUKOIL-Komi»). The methodological frame is based on garnering corporate activities and calculation share of corporate expenditures in risk protection systems. It was found that the features of the Northern regions should be taken into account when company chooses the directions of social policy and plans the budget for social programs. For example, it is noted that expenses on support of the Indigenous people of the North are more significant and constant than other categories. At the same time, the following controversial issue of the social activity of companies was identified: corporate activities and social expenses have a sinusoidal waveform which is determined by the stage of ESG-transformation and by the main actor in the risk protection system such as governments or companies operated in the Northern regions. The research result shows that social role of extractive companies is currently on “possible” or “desirable” stages and has not yet become absolutely “necessary”. Moreover, any of social activities can be “undesirable” after its legitimization. A balance of interests must occur between the state, companies and the communities to strengthen the role of social values and distribute the responsibility for risks.

The paper analyzes the internal environment of service infrastructure enterprises in order to identify and specify aspects that hinder the development of economic relations in the context of an active growth of the range of digital services. The paper considers the composition and functions of the components and (or) groups of components included in the internal environment. With their help the service infrastructure enterprise carries out its business activities and interacts with the external environment. The most significant of them have been identified for the current conditions. The importance of the research topic is due to the need to identify weaknesses in the components of the internal environment of service infrastructure enterprises and to search for priority areas for its adaptation to economic relations emerging in the context of the expansion of Industry 4.0 technologies.

Methods. Methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, comparison, generalization and logic, system-structural and problem-oriented approaches, infographic modeling method, which was used for graphical interpretation of the system of connections of components of the internal environment of the organization of the service infrastructure. The information base of the research was publications in reputable media devoted to the consideration of theoretical and practical aspects of the functioning of the organization internal environment, analytical materials of periodicals and online publications, statistical data on the problems studied in the article.

Results. The conducted research made it possible to identify the key components, weaknesses in the structure of the internal environment of the organization of service infrastructure and identify their weaknesses. Problems were found in the field of training qualified personnel, organizational structure and financial block. The study showed that in the context of the expansion of Industry 4.0 technologies, the personnel component of the internal environment of the organization of service infrastructure plays the key role.

Relevance. Within the framework of the strategy for sustainable development of rural areas of the Russian Federation for the period until 2030, as well as the implementation of state support to small businesses that produce agricultural products in the territories of Novorossiya, the organization of the activities of agricultural aggregators is relevant.

Aim. To substantiate the necessity for the introduction and organization of agroaggregators as a link between producers and consumers, which allows excluding third-party intermediaries who have a large profit, unlike agricultural producers.

Methods. Methods of economic theory, historical method, content analysis, systems approach method.

Results. The author has investigated the history of the origin of the term "aggregation" and revealed the strengthening of the role of aggregation in the modern world. The paper considers the economic and legal aspects of using the term "aggregator" in the Russian Federation, as well as the introduction of the concept of "agroaggregator". The author substantiated the socio-economic role of agroaggregators as a partner and assistant for small and medium agricultural producers. According to the results of the study, an organizational and functional scheme of the agroaggregator activity is proposed. It will facilitate the creation and implementation of agroaggregators in the territory of new regions of Russia.

To date, there are a number of approaches to the quantitative assessment of import substitution, which, however, do not affect the structural nature of its initiation in the long term. The subject of modern research is the effectiveness of import substitution "at the moment", which complicates its regulation and forecasting the results in the context of non-cyclical shock events of macroeconomic dynamics. Overcoming such a gap in the theory and methodology of import substitution analysis seems possible to the authors by focusing on the structural component of import substitution – production and industry, factor, technological. It is the structure of the economy and, accordingly, the processes mediating import substitution that is the "conductor" of external shocks in the macro- and mesoeconomic dynamics. Therefore, regulation of the release of competitive products for the domestic market should be carried out within the framework of the structural policy of the state.

Aim. To develop a methodological approach to assessing import substitution in the context of increasing external shocks and interpreting the results based on changes in the structure of the economy.

Methods. Constructive critical analysis of scientific works in the field of quantitative assessment of import substitution, generalization and synthesis of the author's idea of using the index method to identify the paths and forms of impact of external shocks on the structure of import substitution.

Results. Consist in the proposal by the authors of the aggregate index of import substitution, which combines a number of private indices demonstrating the impact of external shocks on its structure – the initial index (output of import-substituting products in economic sectors), the basic index (change in the efficiency of production factors), the index of import substitution stability to external shocks (from the standpoint of technology, reproduction of fixed capital and labor productivity). An approach to interpreting the results of the analysis of individual indices and the aggregated structural index of import substitution is also proposed.

Conclusions. Results of the calculation of the structural index of import substitution and their interpretation allow us to speak about the greatest impact of external shocks on the efficiency of production factors, which occurs with a lag of 2–3 years and determines the long-term prospects for displacing imports or replenishing losses from the departure of foreign firms from the Russian market, investment and technological restrictions. In turn, negative fluctuations in the efficiency of production factors in the Russian economy are reflected in the sectoral output of import-substituting products with a lag of 1–2 years, which makes it possible to adjust the state structural policy taking into account external shocks.

The article is devoted to the economic and mathematical modeling and forecasting stock quotations of PJSC NK Lukoil.

Subject. Processes of forming the dynamics of the value of the studied company securities.

Aim. To predict the stock prices of PJSC NK Lukoil by creating a new methodology for constructing second-order polynomial trend models within the framework of economic cycles.

Tasks. Include the consideration of the theoretical foundations, the creation and testing of a methodology for forecasting stock quotations of PJSC NK Lukoil. The author has put forward a scientific hypothesis, which consists in the fact that the share prices of PJSC NK Lukoil within the economic cycles form a dynamics corresponding to a parabola and described using the second-order polynomial trend equation.

Methods. Analysis, synthesis, monographic method, scientific abstraction, visual, centered moving average method, ADF test, KPSS test, economic and mathematical modeling, forecasting, graphical, tabular. The research methodology involves the creation of models of second-order polynomial trends with the function of forecasting stock prices of companies within economic cycles beginning and ending with economic growth to calculate the maximum values of the cost of the investment assets of interest and the date of their achievement.

Results. The second-order polynomial model was built to predict the share prices of PJSC NK Lukoil, which signals the completion of the growth in the value of these securities within the current economic cycle. The scientific work done has theoretical and applied significance: it can serve as a basis for forecasting the value of shares of other companies; the forecast of stock quotations of PJSC NK Lukoil is a signal for investors to sell these securities. Areas of application of the results of scientific work: in trading on the Russian stock market; in corporate governance of public joint-stock companies; in state regulation of the activities of domestic corporations that replenish the federal budget with revenues.

The research is devoted to the study of the issue of the most significant elements of the quality of life in the territory of peripheral municipalities of large urban agglomerations. Municipalities of the Moscow region, forming the periphery of the capital agglomeration, are singled out as research cases. The relevance of the study is due to the need to clarify the issue of the structure of the problems of socio-economic development of settlements located on the periphery of large agglomerations, relative to the period of the 2000s – 2010s. The methodology of the work is built by combining an expert survey with elements of comparative and structural analysis. It is concluded that the core of the current problems of the quality of life of peripheral municipalities of large agglomerations is formed by the shortage of social infrastructure facilities, a high degree of depreciation of fixed assets of housing and communal services, a shortage of narrow medical specialists and low availability of certain medical services, as well as a relatively low number of fairly well-paid jobs, giving rise to mass pendulum migration. These problems were noted back in the 2000s. This indirectly indicates the limited effectiveness of previously adopted measures aimed at eliminating the listed problems and, possibly, changing the model of distribution between different levels of the public authority system of both powers and budgetary resources.

In recent years, modern society has faced a number of challenges: from global international problems to digital inequality, as well as the existential consequences of the use of technology. In order to cope with these challenges, it is necessary to rethink the impact and consequences of digitalization, primarily in three areas: technology, science and morality. These industries became the subject of analysis, since they most relevantly and clearly reflect the trends in the digitalization of modern human social life. Technology is the basis of digitalization, science sets the development trends for these technologies, and morality becomes the result of their impact on society and humans. However, this study also touches on another key issue – the problem of rethinking the concept of technology and its impact on the scientific and moral development of society in the context of digital change.

In the process of dynamic socio-economic transformations and in search of the spiritual resource of the nation, China turns to the ethics of Confucianism and to classical Confucian concepts of the ideal society. Thus, Confucian ideology offers principles that contribute to the creation of a harmonious society based on respect, humanity and mutual understanding.

Relevance. The traditions of Confucianism today as well have a significant impact on the social structure of modern Chinese society within the policy of “revival of Confucianism”. The concept of “living tradition” reveals an understanding of the role of Confucian traditions, which is especially relevant in view of the intensifying interaction with China.

Aim. To conceptualize the meaning of Confucian humanism in the interpretation of Du Weiming through an appeal to the principles of Confucian ethics, to reveal the essential content of this social phenomenon in the dynamics of Chinese society based on such constructs as humanity “ren”, ritual “li” and harmony “he”.

Results. It is concluded that, despite serious internal and external social transformations, China continues to follow the traditional formula of “ti-yong” as the vital basis of the concept of “living tradition”. It is emphasized that modern Chinese society, adapting to world globalization processes, does not lose touch with the spirit of Confucianism.