Prospects for protein-energy formulas in patients with osteoporosis

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Abstract

Osteoporosis is a multifactorial metabolic bone disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density and compromised bone microarchitecture, leading to skeletal fractures from minimal external trauma. Osteoporosis is frequently accompanied by sarcopenia, reflecting the ongoing interaction between muscle and bone tissues from embryogenesis through advanced age, manifested at biochemical, endocrine, and mechanical levels, which may exacerbate both conditions.

One significant risk factor for patients with osteosarcopenia is malnutrition, associated with increased mortality, disability, cognitive decline, and a higher incidence of falls and fractures. Nutritional support and physical activity represent promising approaches for managing these patients. Timely administration of supplemental protein-energy formulas may offer additional benefits for patients with osteosarcopenia; however, currently, no standardized nutritional support strategy exists due to population heterogeneity among patients with osteoporosis and a lack of conclusive data on the benefits of such interventions without diagnosed sarcopenia.

This review summarizes contemporary data on nutrition in osteoporosis, evaluates existing nutritional support strategies, and assesses their potential efficacy. Special attention is given to the role of proteins, vitamins, and micronutrients in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, with recommended daily doses of these nutrients presented. The information provided herein may serve as a foundation for future research and the development of optimal nutritional support strategies for this population.

About the authors

Anastasiya S. Podkhvatilina

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Russian Federal Center for Treatment and Rehabilitation

Author for correspondence.
Email: nansy.rezerpin@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5050-6390
SPIN-code: 2818-8561

MD

Russian Federation, Moscow; 3 Ivankovskoe highway, Moscow, 125367

Igor G. Nikitin

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: igor.nikitin.64@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1699-0881
SPIN-code: 3595-1990

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

Russian Federation, Moscow

Diana N. Dzhatieva

Russian Federal Center for Treatment and Rehabilitation; Medical Treatment and Diagnostic Center “Poliklinika.ru”

Email: doc.endo.dzhatieva@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-7324-8109
Russian Federation, 3 Ivankovskoe highway, Moscow, 125367; Moscow

Nataly A. Shvedova

Russian Federal Center for Treatment and Rehabilitation; Medical Treatment and Diagnostic Center “Poliklinika.ru”

Email: sova.bela@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-6326-5807
Russian Federation, 3 Ivankovskoe highway, Moscow, 125367; Moscow

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