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Vol 7, No 2 (2023)
Articles
Eurasian Economic Union: structure, problems and development trends
Abstract
The authors analyze the history of the creation and the current state of the Eurasian Economic Union. The structure of the EAEU authorities and the current principles of economic cooperation between the countries of the association are critically comprehended. Authors' recommendations aimed at further progressive development of the EAEU have been developed. Conditions and a specific scenario for closer economic integration have been formulated.
Journal of Central Asia Economy. 2023;7(2):81-96
81-96
Comparative analysis of legislation and economic situation in the EAEU countries to create an affiliated company (on the example of Armenia, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan)
Abstract
The authors of the article will conduct a comparative analysis of the legislation and the economic situation for the creation of an affiliated company in three EAEU countries, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan. The particularities of affiliation in the legislation of post-Soviet countries are considered. It is concluded that the differences in the use of this category are associated with the lack of specialized legal regulation of relations between interrelated legal entities. On the example of Armenia, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan, the analysis of factors influencing the process of choosing states to create an affiliated company was carried out.
Journal of Central Asia Economy. 2023;7(2):97-116
97-116
Economic specialization of Kazakhstan's regional economic systems: definition methods and formation factors
Abstract
This article substantiates the concept of regional economic specialization, reviews the main concepts and methodological approaches to its definition, and analyzes the sectoral specialization of regional economic systems of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The authors applied a method of identifying specialization based on the calculation of the specialization coefficient for gross regional product and employment. The main branches of specialization are identified; regions are ranked by the number of branches of specialization and grouped by economic specialization.Acknowledgments:The article was prepared within the framework of the grant of the Committee of Science of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan under the project No. AP09259405 "Interregional economic cooperation in the Republic of Kazakhstan: conceptual foundations, assessment, mechanisms of intensification".
Journal of Central Asia Economy. 2023;7(2):117-134
117-134
Updating Kazakhstan's monetary poverty indicator system
Abstract
International statistical norms are applied in Kazakhstan's social policy, but a number of indicators that give a multifaceted picture of poverty are not officially used. The purpose of the article is to evaluate the methods of measuring monetary poverty in Kazakhstan from the standpoint of international methodology to develop recommendations for their improvement. Households with an income below the subsistence minimum were the object of the study. The methodology of the study is based on economic and statistical methods of analyzing the dynamics and structure of the phenomenon, which is identified in world statistics as absolute monetary poverty. The Sen-Shorrocks-Thon index over the past 5 years has a growth tendency of all its constituent indicators (level, depth and sharpness). Its value in 2022, for the first time since 2013, is more than one. The increase in the depth of poverty by 2 times and the severity of poverty by 2.5 times during this period indicates an increase in the heterogeneity of the group with incomes below the subsistence minimum. There is a clear disparity between groups with different numbers of children in terms of the proportion of the population with incomes below the subsistence minimum. In the group of large families, the share of households with such an income is three times greater than in the whole population: 28.8% and 9.09%, respectively. To deepen the analysis of official statistics, it is recommended to calculate indicators of chronic and child poverty, since they are of fundamental importance for assessing the results of social policy. The authors are planning an empirical sociological study to assess these indicators for the totality of participants in the targeted social assistance program.FUNDING:This research is funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Grant No. BR18574225).
Journal of Central Asia Economy. 2023;7(2):135-150
135-150
The smart city and the brain drain (on the example of Almaty)
Abstract
Building a smart city requires a steady supply of smart people. The trends that have developed in the external migration of the population of the city of Almaty, which occupies a high ranking among the smart cities of Kazakhstan, are analyzed. The study covers more than twenty years (2000-2021). In order to identify the presence of a brain drain, its scope and directions, the analysis is carried out. It is conducted in three directions: by the level of education (higher and secondary vocational), by key specialties (architectural and construction, technical, economic and pedagogical), and by countries, depending on the indices of human development and global talent competitiveness. A comparative analysis of statistical data provided by the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan and international organizations is carried out. It is concluded that the current trends in the external migration of the population of Almaty cannot be considered favorable for the creation of a smart city. Thus, these trends need to be changed.
Journal of Central Asia Economy. 2023;7(2):151-170
151-170
Overview of the development of Kazakhstan's business ecosystem. Case No. 1. Astana Hub creates an ecosystem of startups
Abstract
The article presents the first part of the review of the national experience of building business ecosystems in Kazakhstan. This article presents an approach to understanding the role of startups in business ecosystems with a focus on analyzing the experience of the Astana Hub. The article analyzes the dynamics of the Astana Hub development, considering the key points and achievements. Special attention is paid to the role and contribution of Astana Hub to the formation of a favorable environment for the development of startups, as well as the creation and support of a startup ecosystem in the region. The study is based on empirical data, internal statistics, as well as an analysis of the experience of successful startups that were launched in the Astana Hub. The authors have summarized the factors contributing to the development of the startup ecosystem in Kazakhstan, and describe the challenges and problems that may arise along the way. The article is of interest to researchers, businessmen and public authorities seeking to support innovation and startup culture in the region.
Journal of Central Asia Economy. 2023;7(2):171-189
171-189