Economic aspects of inclusive education: costs and benefits for society

in the modern world, inclusive education is seen as an integral element of human capital development, ensuring equal opportunities and sustainable economic growth. However, the practice of implementing inclusive approaches is associated not only with social, but also with significant economic aspects. This paper examines the costs of implementing an inclusive learning model and analyzes the benefits that society receives from involving people with disabilities in the general educational environment. The article examines the impact of inclusive education on the labor market, reducing the social burden and creating a positive social climate. Statistical data, expert assessments and research results are used to identify direct and indirect economic effects. It is concluded that although the costs of training specialists, equipping educational institutions and adapting infrastructure may be high, they are offset by long-term benefits associated with a decrease in unemployment among people with disabilities, increased tax revenues and improved quality of human capital.

inclusive education, economic aspects, human capital, education costs, benefits for society, labor market, social integration, public financing